Fluorescence microscope

Preimplantation genetic testing is a genetic technique in which cells are removed from embryos to examine chromosomal abnormalities in vitro fertilization before a woman gives birth (King). Embryos made through in vitro fertilization would face genetic modification to avoid passing the defects onto future generations. After modification, only embryos free of abnormalities would be placed into the mother’s womb. This technique is targeted for parents who have a high risk of passing a fatal…

periodically for the sexual development i.e perfect state. Mating can be observed by seeing the dense filament growth surrounding the colony and is confimed by observing dikaryotic filaments, clamp connections, basidia and chain of basidiospore under light microscope as compatible mating type (Wicks BL et al, 1996; Halliday CL et al, 1999) or stereoscope Niko- SZ-PT (Ohkusu M et al, 2002). Slide Mating Methd (Fraser JA et al, 2003):- In this method a sterile glass slide is placed in a sterile…

Sample is slowly and carefully placed on the mixture to avoid air bubbles. Sample is clamped for 24 hours to allow it to stick. Sample is removed and is now grinded down to 30 m to become translucent and therefore become visible under microscope. 5.2.2 Preparation of a dyed sample Sample is cleaned and cut into a square of size 2X2 cm. Dye is prepared using 95 mg epoxy Resin, 0.3 mg blue Dye, 12.5 ml thickener, 12.5 ml thinner Epoxy and hardener mixture is prepared (used to glue samples…

1. Introduction Silicified wood is normally formed close to the surface due to the infiltration of buried wood with mineral-rich water and the associated deposition of minerals (Kim et al., 2009). Two typical geological environments have been reported, 1) trees transported by streams and rivers then buried in the fluvial sediments (e.g., Weibel, 1996; Fielding and Alexander, 2001; Parrish and Falcon-Lang, 2007; Hartmann et al., 2010), and 2) ash from volcanic eruptions buries trees while felled…

Introduction Clinical laboratories have relied historically on phenotypic methods (i.e. culture and biochemical tests) to identify microorganisms. This can be time consuming task especially with slow growing organisms such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Molecular methods are now well established in the diagnosis of infectious disease. . (Harwood 2012). For the purpose of this essay I will give a brief overview of both traditional and molecular methods that re used today. I will focus on the pros…

The SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line was procured from National Centre for Cell Sciences, India and maintained in (DMEM) (Sigma Aldrich, USA) and Ham 's F12 nutrient mixture (F12) (Sigma Aldrich, USA) in 1:1 ratio. The medium was supplemented with 2 mmol L-glutamine (HiMedia, India), 10% (v/v) heat inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS) (Hyclone Laboratories, Logan, UT) and 1% antibiotics (penicillin/streptomycin). Cells were cultured at 37 ºC in a humidified CO2 ¬incubator containing 5% CO2 and…

plants, he was also accompanied by some other organisms as well, and though which remained hidden from his eyes. Those organisms were unveiled by Anton Van Leeuwenhoek, who first saw the tiny organisms which accompanied Man through the lenses of microscope. Later it was found out that microorganisms inhabited each and every surface of earth, on man himself, or even inside him, resided under the earth or swayed in the very air we breathe in. As the time progressed, humans scraped out…