Fluorescence

In this study, we developed an anthracene-based fluorescence PET sensor (AMG) was developed for detecting high pH values and water content in organic solvents. A guanidine group as a proton receptor was covalently attached to an anthracene fluorophore to afford highly polar AMG, with reasonable solubility in highly basic solution. The fluorescence of AMG increased almost linearly with decreasing pH in the range 11.0–13.0. AMG also exhibited a fluorescence turn-on response to water in various organic solvents such as 1,4-dioxane, DMF, CH3CN, and EtOH. The peak intensity of the fluorescence was almost proportional to the amount of water. Two linear regression curves were used to quantitatively detect a broad range of water content in each solvent.…

EXERCISE 1 As Wenger and Potter (2015) assert, “stand-ups can serve several functions, so it’s important to know in advance what you’re trying to accomplish with an on-camera segment” (p. 284). Personally, I would need to prepare myself thoroughly and conduct some research of my own to learn more about the topic at hand. My goal as a reporter is to establish credibility on the subject and be able to project confidence to the audience (Wenger and Potter, 2015). According to Wenger and Potter…

of the polar amino acids of the protein interacting with the new created polarity in the phenyl ring. On the other hand, the polar C-F bond might also disturb non-polar interactions between the non-polar amino acids and the non-polar C-H bond; this would result in a lower equilibrium constant. It is clear from this experiment that the absorbance at 280 nm for BSA changes linearly between 100 and 200μM and becomes non-linear with increasing BSA concentration. This indicates severe concentration…

nanometers. UVC is far UV rays, and these rays go from 180 nanometers to 280 nanometers. There are a few times when radiation gets under this, all the way down to even ten nanometers, and are called extreme UV, but can only be created inside a vacuum because they are normally blocked by air. UV radiation has enough energy to break chemical bonds through a process called ionization. The higher energies of the radiation can cause the atoms to break away and form bonds that were not usually…

An inverted fluorescence microscope is an inverted compound light microscope equipped with modules to internally separate the different wavelengths of light, and direct them to respective detection channels. Its main components include a light source, an objective, a filter cube and a detection unit, which can be an eyepiece or a camera (Fig.1). Filter cube is a component which separates a fluorescence microscope from a light microscope. It consists of one excitation filter, one emission filter…

50% of the sperm. Therefore, about half of the sperm are discarded as unsexable. The DNA content of sperm is determined using a fluorescing dye, Hoechst 33342 that readily penetrates the sperm cell membrane and binds to the DNA stoichiometrically. Thus, X-sperm ends up with about 4% more dye bound to their DNA than Y-sperm. This dye only fluoresces when exposed to a particular wavelength of light, and this is usually provided by an expensive laser. The fluorescence is measured by a detector and…

the two strains of Tetrahymena were stained with mCherry fluorescence, so that the oral grooves could be examined and compared under fluorescence microscopy. This experiment was designed to eliminate as much bias as possible by replicating the experiment over 4 trials, one by each member of the team working on this project. Since this Sfr13 mutant strain has not been studied in depth, we chose the sample size this large to have replicated results that could be averaged for a more accurate…

that AgNPs enhance luminol fluorescence and chemiluminescence by acting as a catalyst with hydrogen peroxide. When AgNPs interact with hydrogen peroxide they cause the peroxide to degrade into superoxide and hydroxyl radical, which also react with luminol to form 3-aminophthalate (Equations 2-5) [13]. The further degradation of hydrogen peroxide into other reactive oxygen species promotes higher fluorescence intensity. Figure 5 shows the increased fluorescence intensity of luminol, AgNPs and…

High energy x- ray is used to bombard the sample (XRF, 2002). Enough energy is supplied to cause ionization at the k- shell of the atom (XRF, 2002). The electronic structure of the atom is now unstable (XRF, 2002). An electron from a higher orbital falls into the lower orbital to replace the ejected electron (XRF, 2002). Energy is released as this electron falls into the newly created spot (XRF, 2002). This energy is equal to the energy difference of the two orbitals involved (XRF, 2002). The…

strategies of dental caries are dependent on the stage at which caries is detected. The incipient carious lesions are characterized by subsurface dissolution due to more fluoride ions in the 50-100 microns of the tooth’s outer surface and less fluoride in subsurface region. Sub surface, non cavitated lesions are amenable to remineralization, thus early detection and diagnosis is of prime importance. 1-3 Traditionally diagnosis of dental caries was based on visual detection.…