First Opium War

Chinese medicines for treating cough. Despite its long history of use, little is known about the pharmacokinetics (PKs) of papaveris pericarpium, which are important parameters for understanding its clinic safety and efficacy. Herein we report the first PK study in humans following its use in the form of a traditional Chinese medicine called Qiangli Pipa Syrup by studying concentrations of MOR and COD in plasma and urine.…

Once the silver trade had begun to take root, the Indian Ocean trade routes began to decline, after lasting about seven hundred years. During that time, China wasn’t effected as economically as it was socially and politically. China had began a tribute system with several Muslim nations across the Indian Ocean. Emperors would send diplomats sending gifts to the foreign lands. Although these mission were economically based, they places China on a higher standing point since the nations were…

properties and Diphenhydramine which is an antihistamine and also has sedative properties. Mandrax comes is a tablet form in a variety of colors such as; white, pink, purple, brown and green and is marked with the manufacturers symbol. Methaqualone was first synthesized in the 1950s and was then introduced to America in the 1960s where it was prescribed by medical physicians to treat insomnia and other anxiety related illnesses. Chemical structure: Soon after its introduction methaqualone…

Introduction: The Film “Time Bomb” goes into detail regarding the pain relief tablet “Oxycodone” and how the billion-dollar painkiller has influenced countless American lives. Back in its heyday before its reputational downfall Oxycodone was used to relief individuals with soreness, muscle pain and stiffness for a temporary and in a short period of time. It may have been known as the miracle drug, helping American lives deal with their pain and let them carry on with their daily lives, but is…

Margo Gewurtz estimates opium addicts within China “were often ruined by it because a serious addict spent half his time smoking and half sleeping of the effects, and without capable non-addicted subordinates to attend to business, a smoker could be ruined.” Throughout the 19th and early 20th century, indulging in the opium trend was a frequent practice among numerous amounts of people in China. However, the serious physical and mental mark left by opium was only slightly comprehensible due to…

a natural resource in southeast asia. Timber comes from trees and is important for building stuff like houses. Timber is just the fancy name for wood. Another natural resource in southeast asia is opium. Latex comes from opium. Latex made from Opium contains the harmful drug morphine. Opium makes lots of different thing using its latex. Another natural resource in southeast asia is pearls. Pearls are made by live shelled mollusks. Pearls are made with calcium carbonate in minute…

Heroin, one of the most dangerous drugs on the street. Injecting this lethal venom into your veins can kill you the first time you use it. Everyone should know the effects this drug has on you mentally and physically. As well as what is in the disgusting drug that will cause you all these problems you don’t want to have. Heroin is made from the Asian opium poppy plant. Morphine can be extracted from the seed of this plant and that is the main ingredient in the drug. Heroin can be a white or…

An opiate is commonly associated with chronic pain. But with me I associate opiates with a prescribed drug that’s taking innocent lives daily. I had this realization when I was ten, when my uncle was suffering from an accidental overdose caused by opiates. I was lucky enough for my uncle to survive it. But what about the people who aren't as lucky as my uncle? And what about the people who soon will suffer from this drug? There is an addiction going on in the world right now, and if we as a…

pain killing mechanisms, therefore creating a significant potential for abuse in patients. This is discussed in detail in substance use and abuse in module 4.5. For example heroin has been used and abused throughout history, heroin is a derivative of opium which naturally occurs in poppy plants and by extension trace amounts of heroin could be found in opiate…

During the end of the 18th century a crisis had reached China. This crisis was opium addiction, the Emperor and the minister of China were at a loss on how to handle the situation and during this time of need they reached out to Queen Victoria through letter. The Chinese culture often thought that the western cultures has nothing to offer their culture because of the ancient wisdom they believed it had. During this time Europe was trading with China and trying to find a happy medium in how much…