First Blood

make enough hormones for the body's need. The most common cause of hypothyroidism in the United States is Hashimoto’s. Hashimoto's disease typically progresses slowly over years and you may have it for many years before you develop any symptoms. The first sign is usually an enlarged thyroid, called a goiter, this may cause the front of your neck to look swollen. Rarely does a goiter causes any pain but it may make your throat feel full or swallowing difficult. Signs and symptoms of Hashimoto’s…

Introduction Bovine serum albumin (BSA) is a transport protein in cow’s blood stream, similar to Human serum albumin in human blood. It binds different types of drugs for delivery to various parts of the body. One of these drugs is warfarin, a blood anticoagulant. This research project’s focus was on the interaction between BSA and warfarin derivatives; our assumption was that the protein binding site has different affinities for different warfarin derivatives; this was to be determined by…

of that disease or injury changes the body. Rheumatoid arthritis may cause swelling and intense pain throughout various joints, but it can also cause many other problems in the body. If the arthritis gets bad enough, it can cause a low count in red blood cells, inflammation around the heart and lungs, and a person could even develop a fever followed by low amounts of energy. Over weeks and months the autoimmune disease can worsen. Rheumatoid arthritis is one of the most common autoimmune…

As a rule, the gill area is greater in fast-moving crabs (Portunids) than in sluggish bottom dwellers; decreases progressively from wholly aquatic, to intertidal, to land species; and is greater in young crabs than in older crabs. Often the gills are enclosed in protective chambers, and ventilation is provided by specialized appendages that create the respiratory current. As in cephalopod mollusks, oxygen utilization is relatively high—up to 70 percent of the oxygen is extracted from the water…

1. What are the hormones detected in the early stages of pregnancy that we measure for a pregnancy test. How long do they stay elevated? Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) or a beta subunit (β-hCG) of hCG are the hormones which are detected in early stages of pregnancy. β-hCG production can begin as early as the day of implantation and can be detected in as early as 7-10 days after conception. “The level of hCG increases until it peaks at about 60-70 days of gestation and then declines until…

2 The PMNS was first described in 1996 in Vietnam3, although there are some previous descriptions in India and Sri Lanka4, 5. The heterogeneous clinical picture is characterized by fever, behavior abnormalities and ataxic gait; the CSF shows typically lymphocytic pleocytosis…

gating, retrospective gating. Prospective gating is when the R wave triggers MRI acquisitions the cardiac cycle will occur at the same time this is prospective gating. Cardiac synchronization limits the artifacts linked to the motion of the heart and blood flow, meaning you can see different phases of the cardiac cycle. In prospective Gating there is a lapse of time at the end of the diastole so that is missed in the imaging. In Retrospective gating you can get the entire cardiac cycle. Using…

antagonist in the RTN reduces the ventilatory response to 7% CO2 by ~30% in wakefulness. However, the involvement of OX receptors, specifically OX2, in the RTN on the blood pressure response to CO2 or hypoxia and in the development of sympathetic LTF is unknown. Additionally, there is conflicting evidence on the role of OX and OX receptors in blood pressure (BP) regulation. Reports show that blockade of OX receptor type 2 (OX2) in the rostral ventral lateral medulla (RVLM) reduces BP in…

Crohn’s disease is an inflammatory bowel disease that can affect any part of the digestive tract or GI tract. The most common portion affected is the terminal portion of the ileum, or the first part of the large intestines. That is why another name for this disease is called ileitis or enteritis. According to Nordqvist “Approximately one fifth of all people with Crohn’s disease have a close relative with some type of inflammatory bowel disease. People of Jewish descent have a higher chance of…

Septic shock is a medical condition as a result of severe infection and sepsis, though the microbe may be systemic or localized to a particular site. The pathogenesis of septic shock is multifactorial, although in most cases it is caused by gram positive bacteria, recent researches show that it can also be caused by gram negative bacteria, fungal and viral organisms. The traditional treatment is antimicrobial therapy, which is based on the appropriate choices of antibiotics. Since the pathogens…