First Blood

Epidemiology Hemophilia is one of the most dangerous inherited bleeding disorders, affecting people from the entire world in equal frequency. Overall, the affected population frequency is low and the diagnosis of this disease is inherited about 70% of the time. Sometimes, hemophilia can occur when there is no family history of it and this is called sporadic hemophilia, having approximately 30% of people with non-inherited hemophilia, caused by a change in the person’s own genes…

spaces thought to be caused by the abnormal development of the lymphatic system”(Lymphatic Malformations, paragraph 2, web). This malformation is caused in vessels. These vessels are called lymphatic vessels that are similar to blood vessels, but carry a clear liquid instead of blood. The lymphatic vessels are in…

between body fluids. It is located below the ribcage, above the stomach. The function of it is to filter the blood of any foreign invaders, provide a reservoir of oxygen (rich blood) and to dispose of worn out erythrocytes. They also remove old and damaged blood cells. It acts as storage for the red blood cells to be used when needed. Hodgkin Lymphoma What is it? Hodgkin Lymphoma is a blood cancer which starts in the lymphatic system. It occurs when the body is incapable of fighting off…

Mr. C is currently dehydrated and has lost 5.5 kg. Assessment findings that support Mr. C’s dehydration status are his electrolyte levels, BUN level, specific gravity, weight loss, dry skin and mucous membranes, and persistent vomiting. One of the first indicators of Mr. C’s dehydration is that he has been vomiting for three days. As he persistently vomits for prolonged time, he is losing a large amount of fluids. Continuously vomiting reduces a certain amount of fluids within the body that make…

The contrast is used to make specific organs, blood vessels, and tissues stand out. However, sometimes a scan without contrast is done first so the radiologist can see the body’s structures prior to introducing the contrast. At Hudson Valley Imaging, patients are given specific instructions on preparation, which might include fasting and/or taking…

age 70. States surgeon removed two small polyps that were benign. Opts no longer for Pap smear due to age 70. Had mammogram last year in July. No findings. Denies any concerns about STIs or HIV. Glucose and cholesterol labs done yearly at check up, blood pressure controlled with meds. Monitored per regular provider, Dr. S., in Adamsville, Tn. Family History: Father had a history of HTN. Died of MI at age 82. Mother died of breast cancer at age 69. Ms. F. has one sister who has HTN and…

Shingles is an acute inflammatory condition of the dorsal root ganglia, which causes the nerve cells on a spinal nerve to become inflamed (Nazarko, 2013). People develop chickenpox when they first exposure to herpes virus in childhood. When they recover from chickenpox, the virus remains in the spinal nerves in a dormant form. People with healthy immune systems keep the virus dormant with no symptoms of shingles. When people are in immune depressive status or when people are aging, they have…

The first type of Burkitt lymphoma to arise was endemic. This type has a large presence in underdeveloped countries such as central Africa and Papua New Guinea. This lymphoma was first discovered by British surgeon Denis Parsons Burkitt, which is where its name comes from (Gera, Saah, & Scott-Emuakpor, 2012, para. 2). He studied tumors in jaws of young children in African regions and found them to be caused by this unique type of lymphoma. It was in 1961 after more extensive research that he…

TBIs is vehicular accidents. Subsequent to Oliver’s neurological surgery, invasive measures are to be applied in monitoring intracranial pressure (ICP). An elevated ICP causes a critical reduction in cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) and cerebral blood flow (CBF), which can lead to secondary ischaemic cerebral injury. Intracranial hypertension should not be prolonged, a number of studies show that an increase in ICP is strongly…

The knee is made up of four main things: bones, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons. The knee is a ball in socket and the elbow is a relatively simple hinge joint which only allows flexion and extension. The radius is smaller of the two forearm bones and sits on the outside of the joint.As spoken about before the cruciate ligaments are made up of two types of ligaments, the anterior and the posterior. They are often referred to the ‘crucial’ ligaments because it is important that the help the knee…