First Blood

communicating with central command—namely—central chemoreceptors due to arterial pressures of CO2 (PCO2), or peripheral chemoreceptor carotid bodies as the result of changes in pH due fluctuating arterial pressures of O2 (PO2) and PCO2 in arterial blood (Eldridge, 1994). Additionally, non-respiratory mechanisms are responsible for the relay of information to central command such as feedback from thermal mechanisms, pulmonary stretch receptors and receptors in exercising muscle (Eldridge, F. L.…

Pigs and mammals share a number of similarities in external features. Pigs and mammals have -an umbilical cord -ears, eyes, mouth -four limbs -an anus on the exterior - a scrotal sac (male pigs) like most mammal males -hair (fur, whiskers) -teeth, tongue and two nostrils (Nose) The fetal pig does indeed have pelage and tactile. Firstly, the pelage covers most of the body such as the (dorsal, ventral, anterior, posterior etc). The pelage alsos possesses a relatively short length. Moreover,…

diagnosis for HE is done through identifying the underlying etiology, clinical severity, time course, and presence or absence of precipitating factors (Dharl & Bajaj). The AASLD-EASL guidelines recommend that the underlying etiology be identified first (Dharl & Bajaj). There are three…

cardiomyopathy. According to Cleveland Clinic,” In Ischemic CM, the heart's ability to pump blood is decreased because the heart's main pumping chamber, the left ventricle, is enlarged, dilated and weak.” [1] Ischemic cardiomyopathy can develop quickly. There are two stages for ischemic cardiomyopathy. This essay will explain and describe the process of the two stages in ischemic cardiomyopathy. The first stage for ischemic cardiomyopathy is a heart attack. During a heart attack, there are…

pathogen remains in the hosts’ system. The duration period for Vibrio Vulnificus is between 2 to 8 days. What are the common sources of infection contaminated by this bacterium? There are 2 different ways to get infected with Vibrio Vulnificus. The first is by exposing an open wound, cut, sore or puncture to seawater due to the bacterium entering through this break in the skin and causing infection. In some people infection can heal by itself, whereas in others it leads to severe infection of…

Addison disease (AD). On initial examination he was found to have severe abdominal pain and prolonged vomiting. Other symptoms could include fatigue, myalgia, weight loss and salt craving (Brooke & Monson, 2017). Laboratory Investigation and Results A blood sample was received on this patient into the Biochemistry laboratory in SVUH from ED. A comprehensive metabolic panel was carried out which is shown in Table 1. The sample was analysed on the Roche Cobas 8000 analyser. Test 08/09/2017…

parts to it to help your body fight off and prevent infections, these parts include Skin, Bone Marrow, Blood Stream, Thymus, Lymphatic System, Spleen, and Mucosal Tissue (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 2013). One of the major parts of the Immune System we will be looking at is the CD4 cells. There are four kinds of CD4 cells (TH1, TH2, TH17, and Treg) that are white blood cells that all work to stimulate a response in the Immune System. All CD4 cells are important in…

The article I chose for this week was about blood typing and modern day forensics as the title describes. It describes how fingerprinting was one of the first methods to convict someone of a crime in the 1800s until Paul Uhlenhuth created the precipitin test, involving a serum that reacted to human blood. The article also mentions the discovery of ABO blood groups by Karl Landsteiner in 1901. The effects of blood typing in nursing is also discussed in the article, with nurses playing a crucial…

The pre-op nurse is the 1st nursing professional most individuals who go through the WSC at St. A’s will work with. When they are first called from the waiting area the nurse is in charge of collecting a full set of vitals. These include, height(cm), weight(kg), blood pressure, temperature(F) and their oxygen saturation level. This offers a base line for after surgery as well as to know how much medications to administer and it gives an estimate on how well they will tolerate the anesthesia.…

laminitis. The hoof wall is made up of an interlinked outer insensitive layer (horn) supported by an underlying inner sensitive layer (laminae). In laminitis, the blood flow to the laminae is affected, resulting in inflammation and swelling in the tissues within the hoof, and severe pain. As the laminae are starved of oxygen and nutrient rich blood, the cells become damaged. Unless the…