Fentanyl

than 72 hours. Anesthesia usage was non-standardized, but most commonly we used Propofol and Etomidate for induction and Isoflurane and Sevoflurane as maintenance agents. Muscle relaxants like Rocuronium, Vecuronium and Cisatracurium were used. Fentanyl and morphine were used as narcotic agents. Intraoperative management was similar for all patients. Patient’s respiratory rate, blood pressure, ECG, saturation of O2 and CO2 were monitored throughout the procedure. Hemodynamic stability was…

They are most commonly known as oxycodone or OxyContin, hydrocodone, and fentanyl, as well as the illegal street drug, heroin (Opioid Addiction 2016 Facts & Figures). They work by altering the release of dopamine, which is the natural hormone the brain releases as a way of rewarding itself, as well as blocking pain receptors in…

Are you overcome with sadness? Do you feel the need to fit in? Are you experiencing tough times and do not know how to cope? Are you looking to fill a void? Are you bored in your suburban town? Do you just like to get high? Are you avoiding the pain of withdrawal? These are all thoughts that run through an addict’s mind. Drug addiction has severe consequences affecting every aspect of and individual’s life. Heroin, in particular, has turn into an epidemic concerning many young Americans.…

Within the past year, eleven million Americans abused an opioid pain reliever and two million became dependent on them. Opioids are one of the most accessible drugs because of how often they are prescribed and are often seen as a gateway to other drugs. Seeing that most opioid abusers are aged twenty-five to forty, it is safe to say that many have children or will have children. As with any type of drug, opioid use has a significant effect on the daily life of the user, which in turn, affects…

According to Schouten et al (2008), sepsis involves the activation of the coagulation cascade coupled with down-regulation of anticoagulation and fibrinolysis. An intricate link between inflammation and coagulation exists within the body (Neligan, 2006). When a pathogen is present in the bloodstream or when tissue injury occurs, an inflammatory response occurs. The response causes a stimulation of the immune system to produce interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis…

Use of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Pain Management Kevin Cates Hypothesis: TCM is an effective choice in pain management, specifically chronic pain and psychogenic pain of the lower back area. Chronic Pain and Pain Management: Chronic pain is a major health issue in our modern day society. It causes immense suffering for patients and their families, drains public health care resources and is a major detriment to society due to lost work productivity. Current western medical treatments are…