Fatty liver

of HCV infection, the HCV enters the liver and takes over liver cells. In response to the viral invasion, our immune cells attack both virus and the liver cells infected with the virus. As a result, these liver cells become inflamed and eventually die. Over time, scar tissues form around dead and infected liver cells. The scar tissues make it difficult for the liver from proper functioning. Cirrhosis refers to a condition that many scar tissues on the liver, in which blood…

hepatic function and to determine the changes in carvedilol pharmacokinetics in the setting of liver fibrosis. Various tests were completed in rats to measure hepatic blood flow, as well as synthetic and metabolic capacity. Three of the four main components of PK were described in the introduction of the paper. Oral absorption of carvedilol is both rapid and complete. Extensive metabolism occurs in the liver. Elimination of the drug occurs via several mechanisms, which are explained in greater…

Statins represent a class of cholesterol-lowering agents used for the treatment of dyslipidemia (abnormal amount of lipids) and the reduction of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk. Their broad and potent effects on the lipid profile and cholesterol-independent pleiotropic cardioprotective effects positioned them among the most prescribed medications worldwide. Statins were introduced in the late 1980s and early 1990s as a novel group of cholesterol-lowering drugs in attempt to offer…

Varicose and spider veins affect almost half of the adults in the United States. Spider veins are unsightly with purple and red veins, and varicose veins are also unsightly, but also feel heavy when they are swollen and cause pain and fatigue. There are two main treatments for these conditions including sclerotherapy and laser treatment. Our trained technicians will examine your veins and recommend the best treatment for you. Varicose veins are usually caused by damaged or weak valves in the…

bile duct and cystic artery (Nagral, 2005). Venous drainage of the gallbladder drains into the right portal vein of the liver, while lymphatics drain into nodes of the porta hepatis and the cystic node of Calot’s triangle (Nagral, 2005; Ellis, 2011). The gallbladder, which is part of the biliary system, primarily functions to receive, concentrate and store bile produced by the liver. which used to assist the breakdown and absorption of fat in the digestive system (Drake et al., 2009). When food…

Autoimmune hepatitis is a chronic inflammatory, multisystem disease in which the body attacks its own liver cells. There are two known forms of this chronic, long-lasting disease. Type 1, being the most common making up eighty percent of autoimmune hepatitis cases, affects mostly young women and often goes hand in hand with other autoimmune diseases. Forty percent of Type 1 AIH cases are diagnosed before the age of 18.Type 2 is less common affecting women ages 2 to 14. It is shown in many…

-Diagnosis: According to Sander (2018) the diagnosis of acanthosis nigricans (AN) is typically from the physical examination. However, if the provider is unsure, the provider can obtain a skin biopsy. The results of a skin biopsy indicative of acanthosis nigricans will have findings of hyperkeratosis, epidermal papillomatosis, and mild acanthosis. The dermis may have a small amount of lymphocytes, plasma cells, and neutrophils, but it should not have a large amount of these cells, for it is not…

Hepatitis is an inflammatory disease of the liver. The term hepatitis is most often used in conjunction with viral hepatitis, but the disease can also be caused by bacteria or toxic injury to the liver. It should be noted that whether hepatitis is bacterial, viral, or toxic, this disease can result in post necrotic cirrhosis, unless the hepatitis responds to treatment. Viral hepatitis is by far the most important liver infection and is a major health problem in the United States. The term viral…

pain of the liver, ulcer, cholecystitis (Jarvis, 2012). Pain is described as constant with the presence of nausea and vomiting on occasion. Further testing is required to determine the state of the gallbladder and cystic duct. Testing will include: CBCd, serum Amylase and Lipase, ultrasonography, CT, and hepatoiminodiacetic acid (HIDA) scan (Dains, Baumann, & Scheibel, 2012). Ultrasonography or CT: can produce imagines regarding size and flow of blood supply throughout the liver,…

1. My model represents the digestive system excluding the mouth. The function of the digestive system is to ingest food, extract valuable nutrients from it, then excrete the wastes. The structure of the digestive system assists this function in many ways. The mouth is able to chew the food that we eat into smaller, easier to digest pieces (Cleveland). In addition to this, it adds saliva to the food which helps with the digestive process because it contains an enzyme called amylase which breaks…