Facial expressions

and differentiation of normal and leukemic cells of the hematopoietic, or white blood cell lineage (Xie et al., 1998). HL-60 cells are invaluable as they are easy to maintain, differentiate and can be used to investigate cell development, or gene expression. HL-60 cells can be used to induce differentiation via signal transduction into monocytes, granulocytes, and lymphocytes using various chemical agents (Cirtain et al., 2016). HL-60 cells are also used to test differentiation by viewing the…

3.4 DISCUSSIONS 3.4.1 Phenotypic characterization Accurate description of cowpea genotypes is crucial towards making a decision to release a variety as well as conservation of germplasm. The identities of 38 cowpea genotypes were established by using morphological characteristics described as cowpea descriptors (Makanur et al., 2013). Both quantitative and qualitative parameters considered in the current work showed variations among the 38 cowpea genotypes. Variation in growth habit was evident…

Purpose statement To see how cells become competent in order to observe gene transfer, for competency plays a key role in order for transformation to take place. Transformation Transformation is a process which involves the change in a bacterial cells genetic makeup due to the uptake of exogenous DNA (Lorenz and Wackernagel, 1994). This process can happen in two different ways, either naturally or artificially. Natural Natural transformation is the bacteria’s ability to acquire naked DNA that…

regenerate cells in planarian. Even prior to birth, from humans down to microscopic bacteria, there are a number of genes that dictate the nearly twenty-four-hour rhythm that develops a process which controls one’s physiology, behavior, and even gene expression, this process is known as the organism’s circadian rhythm (2). Of the many organisms that contain these circadian genes, the one organism that coordinates their rhythm in an interesting manner is the freshwater planarian (Schmidtea…

. Cultural meanings produce differences in the nature of relationships across cultures, which recruit different display rules to affect the regulation of emotional expressions in those relationships (Hwang. 2012). A main reason differences in emotional expressions exist may be because of cultural display rules. Hwang study focuses on the, perceived relationship commitment, which is, the motivation to meet and interact in the future and associate a feeling of closeness…

The Basics of Gene Expression and Control Genetics is a very diverse field of science, because it encompasses so many aspects of not only what happens inside organisms, but also how offspring relate to parents and ancestors and many other processes. Although every bit of genetics is important, many things in an organism would not be possible without the expression of genes. Through expressions of genes, organisms provide for themselves and "fulfill" what is the basis of their genetic…

‘Anytime someone is punished for pure expression, that is an attack on the principles of free speech,’ Shibley said. ‘It’s not the government’s job to pick what speech is good and what speech is bad. We’ve always said the remedy for bad speech is more speech, ‘ “(Stanley-Becker, Isaac). In…

Hypothesis: 1.) Animals with nocturnal sleep cycles will have greater similarity in the PER gene than the PER gene of diurnal animals. 2.) Differences in the sequences of PER genes can account for variance in the free running period (FRP) between varying organisms. 3.) Human PER gene homologs arose from prior duplication events throughout evolution. Motivation and Background: The biological clock is an endogenous mechanism that regulates the physiological activities of an organism. It was…

Mutations in genes can have complicated relationships and interactions that affect the phenotype of an organism. Possible genetic variations include nonsynonymous mutations, deletion of coding sequences, translocations, transposable element insertions, alterations within introns and disruption of regulatory elements, as examples. These alterations can cause a range of phenotypic effects from no effect to cell death for essential genes. Disruptions that result in an essential phenotype are…

Downstream Targets Due to the lack of developing an effective Ras treatment, some have turned to targeting downstream effectors of Ras. Downstream effectors have a critical role in Ras carcinogenesis and are commonly found in KRAS mutated cancers. The most intensely targeted pathways are the Raf-MEK-ERK (MAPK) and PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathways. Raf-MEK-ERK MAPK signaling is initiated through receptor tyrosine kinases after their activation by growth factors (Mccubrey 2006). Once Ras is in its…