Exxon

Before the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 the U.S. had no liability on oil spills. The problem was still reoccurring even though over 10,000 oil spills were occurring every year around the country. It wasn’t until the major Exxon Valdez spill in Alaska that it was shown that there was no protocol or organization to immediately and effectively clean up the large spill. In the Conference report for the Oil Pollution Act of 1990, it is stated that there was a great increase on the liability of oil…

Brent Spar was first installed in Brent Field in June 1976 (Kirby 1998). This oil platform is designed as a huge floating production stage facility and owned by Shell and Esso for business purposes which including oil storage and tanker loading. After serving for 15 years, Shell decided to abandon the platform by dumping it into deep water sea with the approval of the UK Government (Kirby 1998). In 1995, Shell announced the granted dispose plan to the world. However, this has been strongly…

Problems evolving from ocean pollution directly harm marine life and the Earth's many valuable resources. Ocean Pollution is a long-term problem that has expanded over the past few decades. In his novel The Exxon Valdez, Dils addresses what has happened with the catastrophe event of the of the Exxon Valdez oil spill off the coast of Alaska. According to Dils, “ Oil was spilling out of the cargo ship at 20,000 barrels per hour, affecting the…

Off the coast of Alaska an anthropogenic event prevailed known as the Exxon Valdez oil spill (Monson et al. 2000). The horrendous event occurred on 24th of March in 1989 (Monson et al. 2000). The vessel ran upon the Bligh Reef which is located near Prince William Sound commonly referred to as PWS (Monson et al. 2000). PWS is where most of the research on sea otters after the spill was carried out. Around 42 million liters of Prudhoe Bay crude oil was poured in the Alaskan waters (Monson et al.…

reefs have been devastated. Because of all of the negative attention BP fell off of the top 100 companies list. The Oil Pollution Act was passed in 1990 by the 101st United States Congress and signed by President George H. W. Bush in response to the Exxon-Valdez oil spill. As it was felt that better coordinated efforts could have minimized the damage, and also minimized the civil liability of any future spills (“Oil pollution act of 1990,” 2017). In general, the act is capable of preventing a…

could happen if a new way to obtain energy is not found. Off the coast of Newfoundland, also known as Iceberg Alley, there is a Gravity Base Structure (GBS) that sits on the ocean floor. This facility collects thousands of barrels of oil daily for Exxon Mobil Oil. This facility is also called the Hibernia oil platform. It is reinforced so if an iceberg were to collide with the oil center all of the barrels of oil would not pour into the ocean. According to Michael Klare (2010),”This mammoth…

The leaked oil spread over thousands of square miles across the Gulf of Mexico. Like the Exxon Valdez spill, dispersants were also pumped and spread over the leak to help break up the oil in the area. In May, oil began to contaminate beaches in Louisiana. Here it was manually removed, which proved to be very difficult in the marshes and estuaries. In June, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida beaches became affected by the oil. Total, around 1,100 miles of the coast was polluted, and three years…

Water is everywhere, in the air and overall Earth. About 71 percent of the Earth's surface is covered with water but the ocean holds about 96.5 percent of all Earth’s water. Because the ocean is big, a great variety of marine life are being heavily affected by different sources that harm their habitat. In 2016, numerous dead whales have been washed up on shore in different parts of the world. More than 20 whales died on Mexico’s Gulf of California coast. A dozen whales were washed up on the…

Gulf of Mexico. BP made several unsuccessful attempts to plug the well. In the Persian Gulf they spilled about 380-520 million gallons. The oil resulted in a 4-inch thick oil slick that spread across 4,000 square miles in the Persian Gulf. When the Exxon Valdez tanker hit a reef off the Alaskan eleven of its cargo tanks ruptured. It dumped up to 11 million gallons of oil into Prince William Sound. The spill could have been much worse because Valdez was carrying 53 million gallons (Moss,…

The BP horizon drilling accident is considered the biggest environmental disaster in US history, considered 10 times bigger than Exxon Valdez. Over a period of 86 days (from April to June), about 4.9million barrels of crude was pumped into the waters of the Gulf of Mexico. The impact of the spill is still being studied. During this period, 57.5 square miles of gulf waters were closed to fishing and other commercial activities. Just top put it in context, the estimated amount of oil spill is…