Extraction

2.2. Extraction process analysis The solvent is fed from the bottom and broth from the top since the mass separation agent or solvent has a lower density than the aqueous mixture. The raffinate phase contains most of water and traces of HAc, and solvent, whereas the extract phase includes most of the solvent, HAc, and traces of water. The amount and composition of the mixed solvent significantly important for the process economy because it directly affects the composition of HAc in the extract…

1. Extraction of Caffeine Calculation: 1. Check centrifuge tube for leaks by filling it with 2 ml H2O and shake vigorously. 2. Add .07 g caffeine to the centrifuge tube 3. Add 4 ml H2O to that same tube 4. Put on the cap and shake vigorously for several minutes until the caffeine has dissolved completely. a. If needed, heat mixture to dissolve all of the caffeine. Extracting 1. Add 2 ml methylene chloride to the centrifuge tube. a. The two layers MUST be mixed well b. Start by shaking the tube…

3. Results and discussion 3.1. Effect of pH on the percent extraction values of Sn(II) by SbS-DET. The effect of pH of reacting species such as metal ions and ligands for the formation of metal complexes is known to play a significant role in their removal and extraction processes [24]. To evaluate and identify the possible contribution of pH value of metal ion on the SbS-DET process for the formation of Sn(II)–(8HQ)2 complex via complexation and removal of Sn(II) from aqueous…

Extraction of Lipophilic and Hydrophilic Antioxidants A modified method was used to separate the lipophilic and hydrophilic extracts of tomato (Toor and Savage 2005; Teow et al. 2007; Kotíková et al. 2011; Riahi and Hdider 2013). In brief, 1 g of freeze-dried sample powder in 20 mL hexane was ultrasonicated by ultrasound assisted extraction (Ultrasonic Sonicator, RF103H, Bandelin Sonorex, Germany) for 20 min, and the mixture was transferred to centrifuge tube and centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 10…

Different Types of Surgical Hair Restoration Procedure Today, hair loss is a very common concern for most of the people around the world. It can not only affect the scalp but sometime the entire body. Men, women or children anyone can experience hair loss. While one of the common causes of baldness is hereditary another cause of baldness can be hormonal imbalance or others. Most people shed 50 to 100 hairs daily that don’t cause hair thinning of scalp as new hair grows at the same time. However,…

From the first glance the article “Abortion: To what extent should women be allowed access to abortion in the United Sates written by Facts on File Issues and Controversies” shows a picture of a peaceful protest brewing in front of the nations capitol. Protesters from both pro life and pro choice sides of the debate are holding propaganda signs with bold text stating “ keep abortion legal or defend life.” Some of the signs even have blown up ultrasound images showing fetuses in different stages…

Are you pro-choice, or are you pro-life? These are the two common groups of abortion protests. Abortion has been a major issue in society for decade, even before the Roe v. Wade Act. Congress and the government have struggled to find a balance between the two. They are not many restrictions, to the protests, because of our natural human rights. I think there should be more restrictions on abortion, and protests. There are two stances to consider, when talking about abortion. You have…

DNA Extraction A three millimeter square piece sample of unknown thawed tissue was selected using sterilized equipment. The A17 sample was placed in a steril in a 1.5mL Eppendorf tube. The cell membrane of the unknown meat was then broken down and the DNA was extracted by using the animal tissue extraction kit, Qiagen #69506. The final Eppendorf tube contained the DNA from A17 and was stored at -20 oC until gel electrophoresis. Gel Electrophoresis To determine the success of DNA extraction and…

This experiment was conducted to practice a variety of techniques in organic chemistry: separation, mechanisms, acid-base reactions, evaporation, recrystallization, and identification. The goal of this experiment was to identify the unknown mixture of two compounds. The two compounds were separated first by altering the acid components solubility through deprotonation, and then protonating the acid component again to form the separated precipitate. The ether in the neutral layer was evaporated,…

1. Abstract In this study, reverse micellar extraction of asparaginase model system was carried out using CTAB/Iso-octane/hexanol/butanol system to optimize the forward and back extraction efficiency. By using Taguchi’s orthogonal array (OA), maximum forward extraction efficiency of 55.0%, 61.0% and 54% was achieved with an aqueous phase pH of 11.0, 150mM CTAB/Iso-octane and 0.1 M NaCl, respectively. Similarly, Taguchi’s orthogonal array (OA) was applied to optimize the pH of stripping phase,…