External validity

necessary to consider the validity and reliability of the study being described. Validity means that a tool measures what it sets out to measure. There are several steps of validity that provide evidence of the quality of the study. Internal and external validity relate to the overall study design. Internal validity refers to the extent to which the design of a research study is a good test of the hypothesis or is appropriate for the research question. External validity refers to whether or…

avoid this co-intervention bias is to not administer vitamin D and/or Calcium or any other additional healing agent to participants. This is likely to reduce the likelihood that the results were impacted by the additional healing agents. External validity refers to the degree results of the participants (sample) can be generalised to the broader population. The more representative of the population the sample is the more confidently the reader can generalise. The range of ethnicity of…

termed it as trustworthiness. Trustworthiness was meant to roughly parallel the standards of internal validity, external validity, reliability and objectivity so quintessential to quantitative research (Ungar, 2006).” Qualitative studies need to pursue credibility, transferability, dependability and confirmability. Credibility (the parallel to internal validity), Transferability (external validity), Dependability (reliability), and confirmability (objectivity) (Ungar, 2006). Furthermore when…

Recreational use of marijuana has become more popular in the United States, especially in the college students. HealthDay’s reporter, Amy Norton, wrote a popular press article describing a research report about how marijuana use during college affects academics. Throughout the journal to journalism process reporters may not reliably report important research or misrepresent science (Morling, 2014). Although Norton used many direct quotes throughout her article, she could have described the…

The actions of residents’ is compromise the validity of the clinical study as the validity of the clinical study deals with whether the results of the clinical trials are accurate and reproducible along with whether the results of the clinical trial are useful and applicable to clinical practice. The residents may create…

How do the music affect them. Internal validity can play a one sided part of a research. Directors' handpicking subjects verses having a concert in a open field and studying a subject by watching them react to the music naturally. Internal validity sometimes is bias and, manipulative. Using external validity provide true and un-adultery answers. Conclusion In conclusion to get a true picture of your research researchers must used the external validity approach in colleting data and…

program would avoid recidivating under this new law, here the internal validity threat of history would pay a major role in reviewing the post test of the experiment. The second threat of validity of maturation plays a major role in this experiment, for example, a prisoner in the experimental group could decide to take up education while in juvenile hall, therefore reducing his likelihood to recidivate because of another external factor. Similar to maturation, through the art therapy program…

and reactive therapy. The clinicians base the amount of treatments used on whether the patient dysphagia therapy during RT or after mild/insignificant or moderate/severe RT. This external validity threat did not affect this study because the clinicians completed the survey about their patients. • The novelty external validity threat does not apply to this study because the purpose of the study is to discuss usual dysphagia therapy employed by speech language pathologist to improve informal and…

Validity is a methodological element (Sarantakos 1994).Internal validity relates to “sound contest between researchers observations and theoretical ideas which external validity refers to the “amount of generalizability of finding” (Lacompte,1992).Guba Lincoln,1994, on his discussion on paradigm and assessment of qualitative research brings…

In the study about the new therapy technique for depression, the confounds that might have impacted the findings were maturation and mortality effect. The mortality effect refers to any loss of participants from your sample. The health magazine state that out of the 50 subjects, only 29 were left after nine months. It would be difficult to determine the impact of the technique on the subjects, because the people that dropped out may have represented an important subgroup in a larger population…