External carotid artery

Physiology What conditions contribute to turbulent blood flow or heart murmurs. Turbulent blood flow occurs as blood moves through narrowed or leaking valves producing a swooshing sound over the precordium and a high heart rate combine with narrowing, causing the heart to handle a larger amount of blood flow than normal; the basis is increased blood velocity, structural valve malfunction, or atypical chambers. Some pathological causes of heart murmurs are anemia, high blood pressure,…

Doctors currently know why people can die from a broken heart. Rob Stein from The Washington Post reported that researchers have revealed that trauma “Can unleash a flood of stress hormones that can stun the heart causing sudden life threatening heart spasms in otherwise healthy people” (Study Suggests You Can Die of a Broken Heart 1). Rob Stein proclaims that stress hormones can alarm the heart, putting people’s lives at risk. According to Stein, the rush of stress hormones to the heart is…

blood pressure. The decrease in SV, by the relationship CO= SV x HR caused a decrease in CO, which in turn reduced the MAP to 51mmHg. However, this fall in blood pressure is detected by baroreceptors (stretch receptors) found at the aortic arch and carotid sinus, where the sit above the heart, which allows them to detect the lowered blood pressure when the person stands. They then initiate compensatory responses to restore blood pressure levels, by decrease rate of signaling, and activating the…

need it. If the body does not have a key factor like oxygen to carry out its duty, it cannot function properly. In the next couple of paragraphs, I will be discussing the perfusion exemplars such as congestive heart failure, hypertension, coronary artery disease, and traumatic brain injury.…

Implantation of a stent within a coronary artery alters the local hemodynamics modifying the shear stress upon the endothelium. 14 Low endothelial shear stress causes a phenotypic change in which can induce a phenotypic switch in the smooth muscle cells from contractile to secretory as well as increase migration into the intima and proliferation. 15 Overall, regular or high endothelial shear stress maintains the contractile phenotype of the smooth muscle cells therefore inhibiting neointimal…

The medical term for a heart attack is known as a myocardial infarction. Typically, in unhealthy adults with cardiac conditions coronary arteries become blocked. The myocardium is then denied oxygen and will ultimately die or infarct. This is condition is commonly known as a heart attack. One of the listed known medical conditions of the victim in the report was Cardiac arrhythmia – left…

with a history of a high-fat diet resulting in a “beer belly” and large waist circumference, and the desire to be anywhere rather than the hospital. After further testing involving a cardiac catheterization, the patient is diagnosed with coronary artery disease, which was the underlying…

when the heart muscle is starved of oxygen-rich blood, causing damage to the heart muscle (British heart Foundation, 2014). According to NICE guidelines (2014) heart attacks are mostly caused by coronary heart disease (CHD). CHD is when coronary arteries that supply the heart muscle with oxygen-rich blood become narrowed by a gradual build-up of fatty material within their walls. Heart attack is known to be common cause of death although it is been reported by NICE guidelines (2014) that deaths…

According to the American Heart Association, the standard disease course of heart disease consists of 4 different classes of the patient’s symptoms and quality of life, which are mild I, mild II, moderate, and severe (“Classes of Heart Failure”, 2015). Doctors base the progression of the disease based on an individual’s limitations during physical activity. Mild I refers to no limitations and no signs or symptoms of heart issues. Mild II refers to a slight limitation during physical activity,…

within the chambers (760). The force applied to the heart’s walls and the pressure in the venous system is blood pressure (793). In determining blood pressure, systolic pressure appears when an artery is stretched to its maximum during contraction of the heart chambers, and diastolic pressure appears when an artery can no longer recoil during relaxation of the heart chambers (794). The top value of blood pressure is the systolic pressure, and the bottom value is the diastolic pressure (794). The…