Excitotoxicity

Decent Essays
Improved Essays
Superior Essays
Great Essays
Brilliant Essays
    Page 1 of 3 - About 21 Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In spite of ingestion of these additional commercially produced glutamates, our body metabolizes this glutamate in the same way it does with the other glutamates found naturally in foods. What that means is that our body does not distinguish between naturally occurring glutamates or the MSG found in a bottle of ketchup. Interestingly, a research report not suggests that glutamate from food or MSG is important for a normal digestive function. (Food Insight, 2009) In 1958 the FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) designated monosodium glutamate as a GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe) ingredient, along with other commonly used food additives like salt, pepper and baking powder amongst others. When a myth concerning health is diffused, what arises as a major concern is a delusion amongst people that is generally quite strong when it comes to children’s safety. It was speculated that children would metabolize MSG slower than adults and will cause hyperactivity disorders in kids. In a research study, infants were fed beef consommé proving glutamates at different dosage levels of 0,25mg and 50mg/kg of the body weight. Researchers monitored the infant's plasma glutamate levels and learned that the infant's body metabolizes MSG the same way to that of an adult. Hence, it doesn’t implicate MSG in behavioral problems or ADHD in kids. (Food Insight, 2009) John Olney of Washington University raised concerns in the 1960s, that consumption of high doses of Monosodium Glutamate may…

    • 768 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Too much activation of glutamate receptors by excitatory amino acids fosters a lot of consequences that include impairment of calcium buffering, generation of free radicals, activation of the mitochondrial permeability transition and secondary excitotoxicity. (2) Glutamate also functions as a synthesizer for GABA in the brain regulating neuronal excitability throughout the body. Generally, the glutamate tries to form a connection provoking a reaction that is excitatory and is later appeased by…

    • 318 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Excitotoxicity is a pathological process in which neurons are damaged or killed due to the excessive stimulation of certain neurotransmitters such as glutamate. This process of excitotoxic neuronal death is known to contribute to the pathogenesis of brain and/or spinal cord injury associated with multiple human diseases such as Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). (2) ALS is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that involves both the upper and lower motor neurons. Glutamate excitotoxicity is…

    • 620 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Glutamatic Synthesis

    • 640 Words
    • 3 Pages

    multi-factorial neurodegenerative disease that affects the upper and lower motor neurons of the spinal cord. It is found in both familial and sporadic forms. Familial ALS is recognized by mutant SOD1 which fails to convert reactive oxygen species to hydrogen peroxide and/or water; however, studies have shown the presence of SOD1 aggregates in sporadic forms as well (Redler and Dokholyan, 2012). This is due to the ability of wild-type SOD1 to become toxic due to oxidative stresses in the cell…

    • 640 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    Huntington's Disease Essay

    • 1990 Words
    • 8 Pages

    repeated units of about 50 amino acids, termed HEAT repeats with a mass of approximately 349 kDa.(4, 8) These repeats comprised of two antiparallel α-helices, forming a superhelix structure with a central hydrophobic core.(4) HTT is a regulatory cytoplasmic protein that has a role in vesicle transport, and can regulate gene transcription. Thus it might also regulate RNA trafficking.(4, 8) However the exact cellular functions of HTT are still not completely understood.(4) Pathophysiology There…

    • 1990 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    the endocannabinoid system is to maintain homeostasis within the body by regulating and reducing bodily damage and pain in tissues. The endocannabinoid system has receptors CB1 and CB2 that are located throughout the body which are stimulated through cannabinoids. CB1 receptors are primarily activated through D9-THC which can produce psychoactive effects. CB2 receptors are stimulated primary though CBD which is a non-psychoactive cannabinoid. As stated in Cannabinoids, multiple sclerosis and…

    • 311 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Brain injuries in neonates cause marked chronic disability and can have a profound impact on the quality of life both in the patient and for their family. Causes of Neonatal brain injuries include stroke, hypoxia - ischaemia, foetal inflammation, reperfusion injuries, metabolic pathway insufficiency, and birth asphyxiation events. It is important to note that the type of injury seen in the neonate is largely dependent on age at the time of insult. In premature…

    • 451 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    communication problems between neurons, and disruption of cerebral metabolism and energy production. Initially, ammonia is incorporated into glutamate to form glutamine via glutamine synthetase, but the brain has limited capacity to eliminate toxic NH3 through this process. Under hyperammonemic condition glutamine levels inside astrocytes increase too much and the cell may swell, with consequential cell damage or death. The swollen cells squeeze blood vessels and prevent normal blood flow and…

    • 420 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    allogeneic undevel-oped cells can be controlled different circumstances over a time of days in uniform measurements containing high cell tallies. Another methodology identified with undifferentiated organism treatment in the treatment of spinal string wounds is neuroproversion. In the event that a neuroprotective procedure is con-nected once the spinal rope damage has happened, a first line of resistance against tissue misfor-tune actuated by the sore could add to a superior neurological…

    • 1330 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Ca2 Messenger

    • 498 Words
    • 2 Pages

    What is more, emerging evidences suggest that, by controlling levels of cytoplasmic free Ca2+ locally in growth cones and synaptic compartments, RyRs regulate functional and structural changes in nerve cell circuits in both the developing and adult nervous systems (5), and alterations in Ca2+ homeostasis by RyRs contribute to neuronal apoptosis and excitotoxicity, which are being linked to the pathogenesis of several different neurodegenerative disorders (2,6,7). Lead ion (Pb2+) is a neurotoxin…

    • 498 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Previous
    Page 1 2 3