High temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs) are a promising clean technology, especially for automobile applications.1 These devices generate electricity from the chemical reactions that occur in the anode side of the cell, using H2 as a fuel and generating heat and water as by-products.2, 3 However, experimental studies using HT-PEMFCs show that degradation of the cell can occur after certain hours of operation (around 500 hours).4 Some of the factors that contribute to the…
A catalyst layer is usually the slimmest layer in a PEM fuel cell; however this is an extremely complex component because of its porosity, several phases, and reactions (Spiegel 2008). An efficient catalyst layer should provide several functions at the same time; transporting the electron and the proton, supplying oxygen and hydrogen and water management. The structure and composition of the catalyst layer affects all these roles. Optimization of the catalyst layer can provide for all these…
5). Halliburton’s business strategy is to promote diversity internally and among its suppliers. This mutual benefit to both Halliburton and it customers contributes to its success in a competitive environment. Halliburton’s culture is thrives on using innovation through mergers and acquisitions. According to World Oil 2006, Enventure Global Technology, a subsidiary of Halliburton, acquired Triad Pipe and Steel Company. The acquisition of Enventure gave Halliburton leverage in supplying…
Medieval Universities In the 13th and 14th centuries amidst the High Middle Ages, the political stability, positive economic conditions, and growth of cities which invigorated the growth and exchange of both goods and ideas lead to the emergence of the first medieval universities in Bologna and Salerno, Italy. The benefits of education resulting from the growth of universities encouraged the revival and growth of thought in the High Middle Ages. The Medieval university testifies to the…
telling competition commences between the pilgrims, and the reader is introduced to tales of romance, love, sorrow, and vulgarity. It is within these winding tales and the hectic pilgrimage that we witness payback through violence, lustful acts, money exchange, and the wishes of God. The Knight, the most…