Evolution of the horse

A Review of Ostrowski on the Mongol Empire Given that our contemporary concepts of nation states and diplomacy arose from the Mongols, the Mongol Empire serves as a fascinating topic for those interested in world history to explore. Donald Ostrowski is one of the leading historians of the Mongol Empire. Ostrowski has a PhD from Pennsylvania State University, and teaches world history at the Harvard Extension School, and chairs the Davis Center for Russian and Eurasian Studies’ Early Slavists…

failed to publish them until the release of his book the Origin of Species in 1859. With pressure building from colleagues and scientists in the Far East, it is said that Darwin decided to rush publishing his findings. Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution was constructed during a period of industrialization that was taking hold in Britain and the United States. Society during this time was looking to science to answer questions that had troubled the world for centuries. Explanations were being…

The personality of a character typically reveals how and to what extent they will be able to face a barrier that is placed in front of them. Kind-hearted Paul from the short story “The Rocking-Horse Winner”, written by D.H. Laurence in 1926, has a level of perseverance to which most readers would never be able to compare. However, this unbreakable focus ultimately leads to his failure of breaking the barrier and to his tragic death. Tessie, an independent thinker from the short story “The…

anatomy refers to the study of anatomical similarities and variations in different species. It provides important evidentiary support for evolution and natural selection as similarities can be an indicator that certain species share a common ancestor. There are two main types of comparative…

Spillover is not just a regular book about diseases. In this book, the author, David Quammen, dialogues about a multitude of zoonotic diseases, which are pathogens that can be transmitted from an animal into a human. There are eleven diseases that the author primarily discusses: Hendra, Ebola, Malaria, SARS, Q-fever, Psittacosis, Lyme disease, Herpes B, Nipah and HIV/AIDS. All of these are viruses, with the exceptions of Q-fever, Psittacosis and Lyme disease, which are bacterium. All zoonotic…

anti-semitic groups with members in the government. Many seem to argue that religion is needed to have morals and without a God one simply cannot be moral and make the right decisions. However, I disagree with this philosophy because morality comes from evolution. It is our instincts that tell us what is right or wrong and you do not need a Bible or a God telling you that you should treat other with respect. Morales can be developed through your environment, parenting and…

The increase in wealth by some prosperous members of the common professions is evident in Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales. Chaucer (1343-1400) himself was the product of the breakdown of the estates. Although he was born a member of the third estate, the son of a wine merchant, Chaucer was able to obtain a thorough education and rise to hold high positions in the government such as Clerk of the King's Work and Member of Parliament for Kent (229). In the Canterbury Tales, Chaucer depicts an inn full…

workings of our bodies and to trace the origins of many of today's most common diseases; we have to turn to unexpected sources: worms, flies, and even fish. In Your Inner Fish, Neil Shubin clears up the questions previously asked. He tells the story of evolution by tracing the organs of the human body back millions of years, long before the first creatures walked the earth. For example, by examining fossils and DNA, Shubin shows us that our hands actually resemble fish fins, our head is…

form to many different animals. An example of these animals that are shown to have the pentadactyl limb includes amphibians such as a frog and a salamander and mammals such as a horse and a human. In humans and other primates, the distal area of their fingers and toes are protected by nails. In other vertebrates, such as a horse, hooves serve as the nails. The shape of the last bone of each digit reflects the shape and size of the…

In Robert Hughes text ‘The Shock of the New’, he confronts Picasso’s painting Guernica and discusses the importance of the artwork, as well as how art/artists have changed since the production of the painting. Robert Hughes was an Australian born art critic and writer. ‘The Shock of the New’ is part of a larger text of Hughes’ called ‘The faces of Power’, and the Shock of the New was made into a television series that Hughes produced. In his text, Hughes claimed that Guernica was the last great…