Evapotranspiration

10. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 10.1. Conclusions Upper Awash basin is located in central Ethiopia, most part is the western margin of the Main Ethiopian Rift (MER) adjacent to Blue Nile River basin to the north. It is confined within the limits 8° 23' 25" to 9° 18' 42" N latitude and 37° 59' 9” to 39° 04' 12" E longitude. The main objective of the research is to evaluate the water supply systems for Addis Ababa city, which is situated at the right northern end of the basin that occupies…

Urban trees provide a wide range of environmental, ecological, social, cultural and economic benefits. However, as natural objects, they are constantly under stress, and living in an unnatural habitat, which will primarily affect the tree crown. In this study, the Diameter at Breast Height (DBH), Crown Live Ratio (LCR), Crown Dieback (CDBK), Crown Transparency (CT), and Crown Chlorosis (CC) of trees at University of Toronto – St. George campus were assessed by field measurements and Google…

growing soybeans. According to many studies, this impact is only increasing over time. Due to this deforestation, the forests cannot absorb as much of the carbon dioxide causing the temperature to escalate. This conflict causes a decrease in evapotranspiration, which decreases precipitation. Without a sizeable amount of moisture for precipitation, vegetation will become dry and useless to the environment. Scientists believe that is the deforestation persists at the current rate, the Amazon…

Apparently, conservation agriculture is able to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases as well as global food security. First of all, according to the definition of greenhouse gases (GHG) “The atmospheric concentrations of some greenhouse gases are being affected directly by human activities namely carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone, chlorofluorocarbons and hydrofluorocarbons. Water vapour is also a major greenhouse gas, but its concentration in the atmosphere is not influenced…

insufficient insulation of roofs can cause overheating of areas below them which lead to an increased use of air conditioning. A green roof serves as not only an insulation barrier, but uses the combination of the plant and soil processes such as evapotranspiration and evapo-transmission to aid in the reduction of solar energy being absorbed by the green roof itself (Green Roofs). This causes temperatures beneath the roof to become cooler which requires less use of the air conditioning. In the…

Physicist Vandana Shiva said that a river is the life blood in an ecosystem. Our life source is our heart and very much like our heart, water gives us power. In the world of water politics, water is power, meant both literally and figuratively. In fact, water is the basis of many things currently. It is the source of our own nutritional benefit and without it we would perish. It is the substance granting life to many organisms of non-human descent. It is the reason for our rainy days and our…

While many people focus on saving water by turning off the sink while you brush your teeth and taking shorter showers, the focus is shifted away from how much water irrigation and other agriculture techniques use. Today developed countries have started to try and conserved water through various methods and inventions such as, water saving toilets, sinks, and showers. One of the major areas that we do not think of water waste is agriculture, one of the biggest uses for freshwater in the world.…

It is estimated that 30% of the global food supply is not consumed. In the United States, that number climbs to 40%. These statistics are significant given that the global human population is expected to grow to 9 billion by 2050, placing increasing stress on agricultural lands, natural and human resources to increase global food production. Food waste represents not only a loss of energy and nutrition for human use, but also has far reaching implications for the natural resources taken up on…

The Impact of Deforestation Globally Deforestation has many impacts globally. Trees and their products are used in everyday life and are key for human survival. While deforestation is caused by obvious reasons, like the need for land for industrial development and the demand for the products that these trees produce, there are many large-scale problems that are caused from deforestation that need to be stopped. Deforestation is a global problem that not only affects the trees, but also…

Introduction Slope remains as one of the most important factors in the variation of growth and diversity among trees due to the effects of run-off, evapotranspiration, and water penetration. Its common knowledge that vegetation needs water to grow and reproduce but on the steepest slopes the support for plant life is very low. Steep slopes produce high levels of soil erosion that results in a lost of organic materials and essential nutrients needed for plant growth. Along with slope is exposure…