Evaporation

By using the techniques of simple distillation and gas chromatography to purify and determine relative proportions of volatile compounds in their gas form. Distillation could be described as a process where a mixture was heated until it began to boil, and the condensed vapor was collected. After completing the distillation process, the gas chromatography method could be used to identify the relative components of a compound in a volatile mixture. According to the analysis between the…

1) First, melting candle wax is a physical change. When heated, the candle wax, which is opaque, white and has a hard, waxy feeling, changed from a solid to a liquid. The hot wax became more of a transparent white and after cooling time, the hot wax changed back into a solid. Changing back into its original state suggests physical change. But, burning candle wax shows evidence of both physical and chemical change. The melting of the wax is an example of physical change, the heat source caused…

A mixture of two unknown liquids were obtained. The assigned mixture code was recorded in the notebook (#10). The mixture of the two miscible liquids contained a low boiling point and high boiling point. The method used to separate the two miscible liquids was simple distillation and therefore a simple distillation apparatus was set up. The apparatus included 250mL distillation flask, a 100ml receiving flask, a condenser for water to run through, and a thermometer to monitor the temperature. The…

There are over 50 National Parks in the United States. Each one of them has unique landmarks that were formed through hundreds of years. However, each of the landforms have one thing in common- they were formed through various processes involving water and rocks. Water and rocks shape our world by weathering and eroding the land, forming canyons, cliffs, and other landforms. The water cycle is a never-ending process in which water goes through various processes, evaporating and precipitating…

The purpose of this research paper was to determine the influence of cellulose and date palm pad on cooling efficiency, low cost, and reduced temperatures. A study was undertaken to compare the two types of pads to determine the cooling efficiency, low cost, and reduced temperatures. The study found that cellulose pads gave high cooling efficiency, but at the same time increased the total cost. Date palm pads saved water compared to cellulose pads. The cost of using the date palm pad was less…

Distillation, described from About Education, is the process of separating liquids with 2 different boiling points. Distillating requires heating and cooling of liquid components to eventually purify the mixtures. In distillation, heat is added to vaporize the liquid with the lower boiling point and this vapor gas bubble is condensed back into its liquid form, where it is then collected in a receiving flask or a graduated cylinder. Multiple distillations and collections, depending on the types…

Rain occurs when condensed moisture in the atmosphere falls to the ground in separate, visible drops and it provides us with another source of water and can be used to provide plants with water such as in rainforests or countryside. The hydrologic cycle allows for rain to form and pour down in different areas. Water from oceans, swamps, lakes, rivers are evaporated and turn into water vapor due to the water being heated by the sun or other means. This water vapor rises into the troposphere…

-SiO2@ON/glass was coated with poly(methyl methacrylate) (950 PMMA C4, Micro Chem, 2 mL) by spin coating (500 rpm for 5 s, 1,000 rpm for 5 s, 2,000 rpm for 5 s, 1,000 rpm for 5 s, SP-7200GT spin coater, Intec systems). The plate was cut into 4 pieces of 1.5 × 2.5 cm2 area (Refer to Figure S3), and then added to 5% HF solution (100 mL). In the first 1 min, the glass plate was detached from S-SiO2@ON/glass and removed. The S-SiO2@ON was further etched for 2 h. Caution: HF solution is extremely…

The purpose of our investigation is to find the most efficient way to recycle cans( make them self- implode) to help the Oakland Recycling Center find the best process for them to recycle aluminum. This problem is important because it is important for us to start recycling cans in order for global warming to decrease in the world. Not recycling cans means that new aluminum cans will have to be made, and to make new aluminum cans people have to dig into the earth’s crust which wastes a lot of…

Distillation is a method used to purify a liquid. Distillation is a process of heating a liquid to boiling and then collecting the condensed vapors from the boiling liquid in a different vessel. After the setting up the glassware for the simple distillation I found the boiling points for each four fractions. The boiling point range for the first fraction was 29.3°C to 29.5°C. The boiling point range for the second fraction was 31.1°C to 40.6°C. The boiling point range for the third fraction was…