Ethanol fuel

How was the Volstead Act applied to American citizens differently for the African American then the White Americans? It was January 17, 1920 around 12:01 am, when the United States of American enacted the Volstead Act, make the US officially “dry.” The 18th amendment which was ratified in 1919, but enacted in 1920, outlawed the transportation, sale, or manufacture of any intoxicating liquor from or to the United States of American. Throughout our history, the ratification and enactment of the…

Wang et al. (2015) formulated a solid dispersion to improve the solubility and bioavailability of Ginkgo biloba extract (GE) through hot melt technology. The polymer studied were Kollidon® VA64/Kolliphor® RH40 (85:15) and the extrusion was carried out at 120-125⁰C with 100 RPM with 25% drug load. DSC and XRD studies confirmed the amorphous conversion of the GE and the dissolution carried in 250ml of 0.1N HCl showed that the dissolution of solid dispersion of GE was significantly improved (2-3…

Abstract: Fermentation of sucrose with brewer yeast catalyst was successfully conducted to yield ethanol with 70.2 % conversion of sucrose. Based on the graph of Refractive Index vs % ethanol (v/v), 32.8% of ethanol was determined to be in the distillate solution with corresponding Refractive Index of 1.3555 Statement and purpose The purpose of this experiment was to determine the % of ethanol (v/v) in the resulting solution and the % conversion of sucrose Introduction The fermentation 17.1 g…

1.2.2. Physical Properties Methyl ethyl ketone is a clear, colourless fluid that is less viscous than water and has a somewhat acute odor that smells most of the ketones and is described by some as being similar to Boerscot. Compared with acetone it is less volatile and less soluble in water (about 27.5g / 100mL at room temperature). It is a solvent used for extracting gums and oils from plants and cleaning the remnants of metal and glass, so why often a cleaner or ingredient is found 1.2.3.…

(1.1)[22] Where, MW1 and X1 are the molecular weight and mole fraction, respectively. Compound Chemical Composition Symbol (for calculations) Molecular Weight Critical Pressure (psi) Critical Temp. (R) Methane CH4 C1 16.04 673 344 iso-Butane C4H10 i-C4 58.12 530 733 n-Butane C4H10 n-C5 58.12 551 766 Propane C3H8 C3 44.09 618 666 Ethane C2H6 C2 30.07 709 550 n-Hexane C6H14 n-C8 86.17 434 915 n-Heptane C7H16 n-C9 100.2 397 973 iso-Pentane C5H12 i-C6 72.15 482 830 n-Pentane C5H12 n-C7 72.15 485 847…

Microwave (MW) assisted Esterification of Benzoic Acid (BA) offers the advantage of transformation of energy and heating throughout the volume efficiently in a shorter period and eliminates the use of excess solvent, during the course of reaction. The present study aims to assess the conversion and selectivity for the production of methyl benzoate compounds by esterification of benzoic acid using microwave irradiation. Effects of operating parameters such as reaction time, feed composition,…

Aims of Experiment 1. To extract benzoic acid from the toluene-benzoic acid mixture, using oxidation-reduction reaction (chemical properties) and difference of solubility (physical properties) –Expt. 1 2. To learn how to recrystallize the solid organic compounds well for getting more purified compounds –Expt. 2 3. To find which differences between raw product and recrystallized product are observed. –Expt. 2 4. To determine melting point range of organic compounds with digital melting point…

RESULTS SOLUBILITY ANALYSIS: Ketoprofen sample was found to be soluble in ethanol, Chloroform, ether, acetone at neutral pH and is found to be almost insoluble in water. Solubility analysis is important because the drug has to dissolve in the solvents and also in the dissolution medium used. MELTING POINT DETERMINATION: The melting point of the Ketoprofen was found to be 96˚C by open capillary tube using microcontroller based melting point apparatus which is within the reported range of 94˚C…

After deprotonation of 6.8 mmol naphthalen-2-ol by 14.0 mmol NaOH, the resulting anion was placed together with 8.8 mmol 1-iodobutane, and the reaction was performed by reflux in 20 mL of ethanol (EtOH) solvent, and the product was allowed to cool on ice and collected by suction filtration. The final crystals had a very pale amber color and were odorless. The following week, after being allowed to completely dry for a week at room temperature, the IR spectrum of the product in liquid suspension…

volumetric flask and 50 ml methanol was added to it and shakes for few minutes to prepare 1000microgram/ml. Stock solution From this solution the stock solution was prepared by taking 1 ml from standard solution and made the volume to 100 by ethanol and then prepare the solution of 0-10 µg/ml and check the absorbance at 330 nm in UV spectrum. Absorbance v/s concentration were plotted to obtain the calibration graph. The drugs obeyed beer’s law with the above concentration range with ‘r’…