Estrogen

The article written in the New York Times, entitled “A Breast Cancer Surgeon Who Keeps Challenging the Status Quo”, focuses on Doctor Esserman approach to breast cancer screening and treatment. Doctor Esserman argues that breast cancer screening has resulted in over diagnosis and treatment for individuals with positive result (Hefner, 2015). According to the article, Dr. Esserman is an avid supporter of the active surveillance for patients with ductal carcinoma in situ or D. C. I. S. instead of…

Despite the advances in BC diagnosis and treatment, mastectomies continue to be practiced and about 40% of BC cases are treated surgically (Tab'ar and Holmberg, 1985; Malata, 2000; Ismaeel, 2015). Breast cancer treatments like surgery and radiation can damage to a woman's feelings of beauty and attractiveness. In all cultures, people has a belief that breast is the symbol of woman's femininity and beauty. Removal of a breast (mastectomy) has negative emotional consequences on the woman's life.…

Breast cancer refers to malignant cell growths found in the breast. Cancer starts when the healthy cells in the breast change and rapidly multiply creating masses of cells forming tumors. Tumors can be benign or cancerous meaning that the tumor cannot spread or spread to different parts of the body. Mastitis is when cancer spreads from the breast to other parts of the body through the lymph or blood vessels. This paper aims to discuss the relationship between genetic disorders, inheritance or…

Cancer is an abnormal growth of cells that invades or spreads to parts of the body. There are more than 100 types of cancers in the world. As mention in Fatemeh Haghighi (2017) article and in Qued Salm Alhamami (2018), breast cancer if the most common malignancy and is the second cause of morality from cancer in the adult female population. As shown in Filip Fruhauf (2017) article endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological neoplasm and the 4th most frequent site of malignancy in females…

Introduction There is a misconception that breast cancer affects only women. That is false. Breast cancer can affect both men and women. Though, breast cancer in men is rare, it is still possible. Statistics have shown that white-non Hispanic women are the most susceptible to breast cancer due in part to genetic factors. African American women have higher rates of mortality due to the fact that they are less likely to get screened for breast cancer. Breast cancer and all other cancers are…

Radiation therapy has a big effect on women as they are trying to fight cancer. This therapy my leaves these women fatigue. The fact is that 1 in 8 women a year are diagnosed with breast cancer. Of the 84 percent of women that are diagnosed (Reis, D., Walsh, M. E., Young-McCaughan, S., & Jones, T. (2013). Effects of Nia exercise in women receiving radiation therapy for breast cancer.), say that they are fatigued after radiation therapy. These women have not found a way to adapt to their new life…

Blighted Ovum A blighted ovum is a condition in which a fertilized egg (embryo) attaches itself to the uterus but does not develop. The condition causes the placenta to grow and pregnancy hormones to be secreted. A blighted ovum is also called an anembryonic pregnancy. Women with this condition test positive for pregnancy even though they are not pregnant. CAUSES This condition may be caused by: A problem with a type of gene called a chromosome. A poor quality sperm or egg. SYMPTOMS…

Breast Cancer: Men vs. Women Breast cancer in one of the leading causes of death in women. This is pretty apparent when considering how many organizations have been created for this reason. The whole month of October is even set aside as “breast cancer awareness month.” These foundations have many goals such as raising money for the breast cancer patients and spreading the importance of catching it early by regularly getting mammogram test, increasing the chances of survival. What many people…

Assignment one Mrs. Turner has a family history of breast cancer as well as heart disease. Mr. Turner discovered a small lump in her right breast, giving thought to her family history. She keeps a close eye on the mass and begins to grow concerned after her menstruation has ended. Mrs. Turner showed no standard symptoms like: Discoloration of the breast like red skin, skin texture, and enlarged lymph nodes around the armpit area. Mrs. Turner is in overall good health she does not smoke or drink…

1) Introduction:- Cancer begins when healthy cells in the breast change and grow out of control, forming a mass or of cells called a tumor. A tumor can be cancerous or benign. A cancerous tumor is Malignant, meaning it can grow and spread to other parts of the body. A benign tumor means the tumor can grow but will not spread. Breast cancer spreads when breast cancer cells move to other parts of the body through the blood vessels and/or lymph vessels. This is called metastasis. Breast cancer is…