Ester

Amianthium muscaetoxicum, commonly known as fly poison, is a perennial plant found in throughout the Eastern United States. Other common names include crow poison and stagger grass; the name fly poison arose from the translation of the Latin name A. muscaetoxicum, muscae meaning flies and toxicum meaning poison. In the past, the Cherokee would use the plant’s poison to kill crows, hence its common name crow poison, while early settlers would mix the crushed up bulb with honey to kill flies (Fly…

Chemically, polyester (or many esters) is primarily a family of polymers wherein the monomers belong to the category “esters”. The most commonly used polyester is the polymer of diglycol terephthalate and is called polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Nylon is a group of polymers, which can be classified as polyamides. Today several types of nylon are produced with properties tuned to meet customer specifications. The most commonly used ones are nylon-6 (which is manufactured from caprolactam) and…

ABSTRACT Solubility is the phenomenon of dissolution of solid in liquid phase to give a homogenous system.Solubility is one of the important parameter to achieve desired concentration of drug in systemic circulation for pharmacological response to be shown. Poor watersolubledrugs often require high doses in order to reach therapeutic plasma concentrations after oral administration. Low aqueoussolubility is the major problem encountered with formulation development of new chemical entities. Any…

I have always loved getting a new car. There is nothing like that new car smell. It lasts maybe four months then starts to disappear. I think I would be upset if I bought a new car and it was void of that new car aroma. But as with all fun things in life, the joy of the new car smell as now been destroyed. Come to find out, that wonderful new car smell is caused by release of toxins from plastics and leathers used in making the vehicle. In the past we were aware of possible pollution and…

Pampell Lively was born on November 9, 1949, in Houston, Texas. She had two loving parents, William Ludwig Pampell and Frances Nay Garlington. Her father William was born March 17, 1916, and he died January 27, 1925. William’s parents, Ernst Pampell and Ester Moerbe, were German and French. Both his mother and father spoke fluid german and english. Her mother Frances was born on September 21, 1925, and she is alive and well today. Frances’ parents, Carson Garlington and Easter Phillips were…

joined him. Together, they discovered the amorphine that is produced after morphine is heated with hydrochloric acid in a sealed tube (Sneader, W., 1998). Even though Matthiessen died, Wright continued their research and synthesized several morphine esters in 1874, including acetylcodiene, acetylmorphine, and diacetylmorphine (Sneader, W., 1998). This was the first time heroine, or diacetylmorphine, had ever been synthesized or made. There was no more research done…

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Every organism needs food to live. Importance of food has increased enormously in case of human. With the rapid growth of the population the demand of food has also increased. Fresh and unprocessed food have very less shelf life. The increasing demand of food also increased the need of extending shelf life of foods. Different natural and chemical substances called food preservatives are being used to increase the shelf life of food which prevents microbial growth and…

nanohybrids appeared, while the peak at 1745 cm-1 vanished. Through the formation of MPS-comprising nanohybrids, the observation of the new absorption bands (1707 and 1727 cm-1 ) concomitant of the absorption at 1733 cm-1 may be owing to the formation of ester groups through the reaction between carboxylic acid groups of PAA oligomers and silanol groups of silica moieties 12. Besides, in SiO2/PAA hybrids, the O-H bands were broadened with the increase of silica content from 30 to 40 and 40 wt %…

Introduction: Nitrous acid (HNO2) is used as a source of nitrosonium ion (N≡O+). The nitrosonium ion by reacting with an aromatic amine converted into a diazonium salt. As diazonium ion is a weak electrophile, it reacts with electron-rich, aromatic coupling agents to produce an azo dye. The products are mainly ortho and para due to the reaction being an electrophilic aromatic substitution Reaction: p-nitroaniline p-nitro benzenediazonium chloride Para-red…

Alkaline phosphatase catalyzes the hydrolysis and transphosphorylation of phosphomonoesters (1). A kinetic reaction scheme of AP is presented in Figure 2. Figure 2: Kinetic reaction scheme of alkaline phosphatase (11). Under the hydrolysis reaction, free phosphate and an alcohol molecule are released from the active site. The rate-determining step of this reaction is pH dependent. Transphosphorylation has similar initiate steps as hydrolysis. However, phosphate cannot exit the active site,…