Essential amino acid

As Bayry et al explains in their journal article antibodies from healthy immune groups will somehow bind to heme and acquire the ability to recognize multiple antigens. It was originally thought that all antibodies bonded to their individual antigens in a lock and key sort of function. However, several similar studies, such as the experiment performed by Bayry et al, have led to a much different consensus. It has now been determined that many antibody molecules are capable of changing its…

For the affinity chromatography, purification of proteins or nucleic acids can be obtained. Affinity chromatography is based on specificity and selectivity because the stationary phase includes an immobilized molecule that can bind to specific proteins. However, this technique results in a highly purified material unlike…

Firstly, During the procedure the purpose of this lab was to determine and identify if there is protein in water, apple juice, vegetable oil, potato, and egg whites. This was done by using the biuret solution. So this means if the material turns purple then we know it contains the protein, but if it doesn't turn out to be purple then it doesn't contain protein. The data in this experiment shows that water, apple juice, vegetable oil, and potato all did not contain protein this is because none of…

of amino acid. There are twenty known amino acids monomers. Monomers are molecules that can be bonded together to create something else known as a polymer. Every amino acid has to have three things, an amino group, a carboxyl group and a functional group that is special to itself. Something that is crucial to the discovery of protein amounts is peptide bonding. Condensation otherwise known as dehydration created these bonds linking the carboxyl group of a single protein molecule to the amino…

It is also found in the frigid North Atlantic, and utilizes the Anti-Freezing Protein 1WFB. This scleroprotein is fibrous, and consists of 38 amino acids after removal of the initial signal peptide, as well as a secondary sacrificial section. Before cleaving, the full chain is 82 amino acids long. As the initial form is only present during the production of the protein, it will not be investigated in depth. Secondary structure in the 1WFB protein is peculiar – it…

Cell penetrating peptides are proteins or peptides that typically consist of 5-30 amino acids. These peptides are unique in that they are able to cross cell membranes and other barriers throughout the body such as the blood brain barrier, intestinal and nasal mucosa, and even skin. Using CPPs, scientists are now able to explore their potential as a means of transporting cargo into cells and across bio barriers. With their ease of preparation and generally nontoxic nature, CPPs have gained a…

describe two groups of proteins and give some examples. Proteins (also called polypeptides, peptides or amino acids) are large polymers and main components of cells. They are produced by condensation reaction from amino acid monomers, therefore proteins are called condensation polymers. Each protein is formed by a unique sequence of 20 naturally occurring amino acids. However, not all the amino acids need to be find in one protein. Some can be found many times and some are not used at all.…

located on either side of the beta sheets and are fairly close together on either site. Q4) The α helices and the β strands are connected by loops made of amino acids. Q5) There is a significant amount of space, and thus a large interface between the subunits that form dimers. The interface consists of a few loops and a few protruding amino acid side chains. Q6) The interface between subunits probably contains the binding site for activators and inhibitors. Q7) Since most of the…

for proteomic analysis. Only a few proteases that are useful for proteomic analysis. For instance, trypsin and chymotrypsin are often used to cleave proteins at selective amino acid residues. Trypsin cleaves on the C-terminal side of the lysine and arginine amino acids, whereas chymotrypsin cleaves after the aromatic amino acids. Trypsin exhibits higher activity and narrower specificity compared to chymotrypsin. When the lysine reside is modified or flanked by proline, cleavage of trypsin is…

If one fatty acid is bonded with the glycerol, it’s called a monoglyceride. If two are bonded, it’s a diglyceride. Three is the max amount, and they are called triglycerides. They store energy for living things. An example is steroids, which are lipids that have had…