Essential amino acid

synthesis it carries genetic information from DNA to a ribosome and helps to assemble amino acids in their correct order. Each amino acid in a protein is specified by a set of three nucleotides in the mRNA, called a codon. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic mRNAs contain three primaryregions .The 5 untranslated region is a sequence of nucleotides that is at the 5 end of the mRNA and does not code for the amino acid sequence of a protein. In bacterial mRNA, this region contains a consensus sequence…

Chitin is a linear polysaccharide, with β-(1-4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. Found in the exoskeletons of crustaceans (crab, shrimp, lobster, insects) & molluscs, as well as the cell walls of algae and fungi, chitin is the second-most naturally abundant polysaccharide after cellulose [1, 2]. Chitin occurs naturally in the polymorphic forms: α, β and γ. The α-polymorphic form of chitin is the most abundant in nature, present in the strong exoskeleton of crustaceans [6]. α-Chitin forms tightly…

MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which of the following is true? a. All enzymes are fibrous proteins. b. All enzymes are globular proteins. c. The majority of enzymes are fibrous proteins. d. The majority of enzymes are globular proteins. ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: 23.1 - WHAT ARE ENZYMES? 2. In addition to proteins, which type of molecules sometimes function as enzymes? a. carbohydrates c. lipids b. DNA d. RNA ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: 23.1 - WHAT ARE ENZYMES? 3. Which of the following is true of enzymes? a. They shift the…

First lane is the protein ladder which is used as a reference and to estimate the size of different proteins. Lane 1 in the green box contains cow serum which shows high mobility since it dyes all the way to the bottom with different bands through the gel. Lane 2 contained one dark band at the bottom of the gel. Lane 3 shows o dark band with low mobility through the gel. Lane 4 shows one band stained with medium mobility through the gel. Sample proteins 1-4 were separated through gel…

1. PROTEIN Introduction: Protein are the central to life because they control almost all cellular processes, including initiating most of the reactions that occur in the living thing cells. They are one of the building blocks of body tissue and also can serve as fuel source. They are naturally occurs which means that they are made by living cells, like animals, bug, fungi and even human. They can interact with one another and other biological macro mules to form complex assemblies.…

D1 The DNA is contained in the nucleus. The Genes that are needed in the production of antibody are contained in the DNA. The production of antibody begins with the genes of the antibody being transcribed into mRNA this leaves the nucleus by joining on to the ribosome. Lots of cells secrete proteins into their surrounding extracellular fluid. Some cells like hormones and neurotransmitters secrete regulatory molecules. Whereas others release digestive enzymes, antibodies, or mucus. Fibroblasts…

attach itself onto a ribosome. The process of the mRNA attaching itself to the ribosome is called translation. The ribosome acts as a "Zipper" to attach the mRNA and the tRNA together. The tRNA is a transfer RNA that attaches to the mRNA to place amino acids in a specific order. The…

G-protein coupled receptors are found in eukaryotes, and are encoded by around 1-3% of the genes in the genome. In this essay I will discuss the general structure and model of activation of GPCRs, as well as how this model has been realised, through the study of bacteriorhodopsin, a homology model of GPCRs. There are many examples of GPCRs illustrating how GPCRs can have a wide range of cellular consequences and I will discuss how the activation of rhodopsin, sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors,…

Myosin are a large superfamily of motor molecule which is move along cytoskeletal filaments and interact with actin filaments. That movement requires huge amount of hydrolysis ATP molecules to change the conformation. The genomic analysis thirteen different members of the myosin gene. In addition, the most present myosin type in all eukaryotic cells are: myosin I and myosin II. On the other hand, the less present type of myosin is myosin V. Also, myosin can be divided to two class; conventional…

namely proteins, nucleic acids, fats and membrane lipids and carbohydrates (which include monosaccharides and polysaccharides). (Alberts, Walter, Bray, Hopkin, Johnson, & Lewis, 2015) There are four smaller organic molecule families which are the primary components of macromolecules. These four molecules are the sugars, nucleotides, amino acids and fatty acids. The sugars link together to form carbohydrate molecules, fatty acids link together to form lipids and fats, amino acids form together to…