Escherichia coli O121

a. Compare levels of eicosanoids, endotoxins (eg, LPS), and exotoxins within the ‘contaminated’ tissues and replicate study with fresh PBS. Comparing inflammatory cytokine levels may also be beneficial; however, given that they are implicated in / linked to a number of processes and pathologies one needs to know which one in particular to look at. b. If I understand what is being asked here, generally speaking bacteria enters the body leading to the communication of visceral inflammatory…

There were many tests performed on my unknown, which led me to conclude that the unknown microorganism is Pseudomonas fluorescens. When determining the gram reaction of the unknown, a Gram stain was done. This process differentiates between a Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganism. This is done in four steps. The microorganism was stained with iodine, crystal violet, alcohol and acetone, and safranin. Iodine was used first as it acts as a mordant. It forms an insoluble complex by binding…

Recently, mycobacteriophage has become an increasingly popular source of research in the western world. Phage was first discovered in 1910 by Felix d’Herelle who saw a series of plaques on a bacterial lawn [3]. After five years had passed he decided to further investigate the material contained in the plaques, which he named “Bacteriophage” [3]. Bacteriophages are a family of viruses that's main function is to infect bacterial cells. Bacteriophage contains basic physical features including a…

several strains of E. coli that exist, many of which are non-pathogenic in nature. E. coli forms a beneficial relationship in the intestinal tract, and takes on many helpful functions within the body. The functions include breaking down nutrients, developing signals to regulate the immune system, and even protection against other pathogens. The broad categories of E. coli are separated into diarrheagenic E. coli and extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli, which includes uropathogenic E. coli.19 The…

Assignment #2: The Replication of DNA in Escherichia Coli Due Date: Feb 8, 2016 at 9:00 AM CST 1a. A procedure in which a small amount of DNA material is immersed in concentrated solution, cesium chloride (CsCl), and soon after placed in centrifuge until the point where equilibrium is achieved is called density-gradient centrifugation. Contrasting techniques involving diffusion and sedimentation form a persisting CsCl concentration gradient. Furthermore, the concentration gradient and pressure…

Transformation with Escherichia coli Byanka Delgado BIO 181 Lab Thursday 1:30-4:15 Arizona State University Abstract The major objectives of the Bacterial Transformation Lab were to observe standard bacterial growth under various conditions including the transformation of bacteria; to understand how the process of transformation occurs, as well as the biological results and consequences that come of transformation. In order to correctly perform this lab, plasmids, agar plates, Escherichia…

Escherichia coli is a gram negative bacteria with pathogenic potential to both humans and animals causing three general clinical syndromes: (1) enteric/diarrhoeal disease, (2) urinary tract infections (UTIs) and (3) sepsis/meningitis (Kaper et al., 2004). However, this bacteria uses different virulence factors to cause the above-mentioned clinical syndromes (Croxen and Finlay, 2010; Kaper et al., 2004). The E. coli producing pore forming toxin α-hemolysin causing bacteraemia/sepsis causes…

Discussion/Conclusion: The majority of the plates had growth in them. The agar plate that had the antibiotics, but not the plasmid had no growth because the bacteria was not introduced to the plasmid that had the antibiotic resistant gene.The LB/amp had growth to it because it was not introduced to any new molecules or chemicals. The po The other plates had growth because they was introduced to the antibiotic resistant gene that made the bacteria able to grow. The positive control of the…

Gene Expression Paper RESULTS The hypothesis is that as the amount of lactose increases in a treatment, the higher the enzyme production and activity. A total of six treatments were done in order to determine whether the amount of lactose in a substance correlates with the amount and production of b-galactosidase. Experiment 1: The use of OD600 as an indicator of bacterial population size. In addition, the use of Abs 420 as an indicator of protein production. Then the Miller units of…

Assignment 2: Galactose Operon of E. coli FS 8404 Professor Mustapha Of some 4,000 genes in Escherichia coli (E. coli), only a handful are expressed at a time1. This regulation in gene expression helps cells function more efficiently. To provide the cell with energy, glucose is the most highly desired source. However, in the absence of glucose and the presence of other sugars, operons regulate gene expression to code for enzymes that can help utilize the sugar as energy in the cell1. Galactose…