Erythropoietin

Since the beginning of time, man has always been trying to find the competitive edge over one another. But today man’s desire to win is so high, that it seems that they would do whatever it takes. Performance enhancing drugs consist of human growth hormone that increases body muscle mass. Athletes secretly use these enhancements to improve their performance. Athletes should be disciplined severely if they choose to use performance enhancing drugs. The athlete should be banned from the sport…

What performance enhancement drugs are the most dangerous to athletes? Anabolic steroids are considered one of most dangerous enhancing drugs in sports used by athletes. The first time that an athlete died under the influence of these substances was in 1912 during an Olympic competition, Francisco Lazaro. His autopsy revealed traces of methamphetamines, ronicol and nicotynal alcohol, this enhancement drugs increases blood circulation. Another casualty was Danish cyclist Knud Enemar Jensen who…

Physiological Effects of Decreased Atmospheric Pressure At lower altitudes such as sea level, the main stimulation for ventilation is carbon dioxide. (7) At high altitudes, hypoxia stimulates ventilation. (7) However, hypoxia only stimulates ventilation when the partial pressure of inspired oxygen is reduced to roughly 13.3kPa, and is at an altitude of 3000m or more. (7) When the inspired partial pressure of oxygen is 13.3kPa, alveolar oxygen pressure is 8kPa. (7) As hypoxia continues to…

and cerebral or pulmonary embolism. Over time, repeated blood transfusions can cause a dangerous buildup of iron in the body. In addition, blood transfusions may cause potential side effects such as allergic reactions, fever, rashes and hives, Erythropoietin (EPO) is a peptide hormone that is produced naturally in the kidney. EPO acts on the bone marrow to stimulate red blood cell production, thus increasing the levels of red blood cells in the circulatory system. While proper use of EPO is…

PDHPE Assignment PART 1 Creatine What are Creatines? Creatine is a organic acid that occurs in vertebrates and helps to supply energy to cells in the body. This is done by the formation of adenosine triphosphate. Benefits of Creatines Creatine may benefit the performance of athletes in sport. More work is needed to gain mussel and make this drug work. Athletes will need to experiment with creatine to determine whether they respond with this drug. This is best done under the supervision of a…

JACKSONS ZONES OF TISSUE INJURY Jackson’s Burn Wound Model provides a model for understanding the pathophysiology of a burn wound. Primary injury is the zone of coagulation nearest to the heat source . This zone has irreversible tissue necrosis at the centre of the burn due to exposure to heat, chemicals or electricity. The extent of the injury is dependent on the duration and the temperature of exposure . Zone of Ischaemia is the zone surrounding the central zone of necrosis in which there…

To study the tolerability of the analgesic autoinjector in the non-rodents( rabbit) by analysing biochemical parameters. 8.1 Introduction The objective of drug discovery and drug delivery system is to treat infections and particularly pain and suffering during the ailments and thereby maintaining a healthy human population. Any development in medical field is evaluated using a variety of clinical procedures prior introducing to humans. In pharmacological research, animal usage has become a…

18 deaths because, of overdoses." Now imagine how many people it killed this year because, that date was around 20 years ago. Plus, research shows from the article,"Erythropoietin increases production of red blood cells and hemoglobin, resulting in improved movement of oxygen to the muscles. Epoetin, a synthetic form of erythropoietin, is commonly used for building endurance athletes but, hasn't been proven help with strength. Also, it puts weight on people giving not much muscle mass." Steroids…

respiration would occur causing lactic acid to build up and cause pain. If in fact the blood is not adequately being perfused and not getting enough oxygen to the rest of the body, a person will become hypoxic and the kidneys step in and produce erythropoietin which stimulates red blood cell production so that there is more hemoglobin for oxygen to attach to. This way lactic acid will not build. The kidneys also filter the blood and remove any waste before being returned to the heart. Waste…

and urethra Introduction: The urinary system consists of two kidneys. The urinary system performs many functions removing waste, products from the blood and regulating the bodies fluid, electrolytes, acid balance and producing a hormone call erythropoietin, which regulates blood cells formation. The urinary system helps detoxify the liver and certain compounds making glucose during times of starvation. The functions are all carried by the organs of the urinary system, mainly the kidneys.…