Equivalent dose

Animals are subjected to experiments that can include everything from testing new drugs to infecting with diseases, poisoning for toxicity testing, burning skin, causing brain damage, implanting electrodes into the brain, maiming, blinding, and other painful and invasive procedures (“Harm and Suffering," 2016). Animal testing had been traced back as far as the seventeenth century because of Harvey’s experiments on numerous animals in an attempt to demonstrate blood circulation. Although in 1876,…

In 2008, a video was released by People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) that showed severe animal cruelty at Mowmar Farms Hog Confinement, located just outside of Fairmont, Minnesota (Genoways). The video showed employees prodding hogs too crippled to stand with electric prods and beating hogs repeatedly on their backs with metal gate rods (Genoways). Adding to this, the video also revealed the method the workers used to euthanize underweight piglets: a technique called thumping…

dry, ground it up, and people used it in different ways. It can be smoked in a cigarette, pipe, or cigar. Tobacco products kill more than 400,000 people in the United States a year.Examples;cigarettes and hookah smoking of hookah for one hour is equivalent to smoking a 100 cigarettes People have been used for a period of not less than three thousand years, tobaccos used before the modern era and consumes through bronchitis and tubes(rwu). Tobacco smoking is the practice or the experience of…

displayed novel forms of aggression. The children in control groups performed fewer responses that the children in the remaining two groups. However, when offered positive reinforcers in order to imitate the models aggressive behvaior, it revealed an equivalent learning of the behavior among children of all three groups. For an example if a teenager experiences aggressive behavior such as verbal abuse and slapping from his or her single mother due to stress, the teen may imitate the same…

Caffeine is a popular topic of debate throughout the health field. Coffee is the adult population of America’s largest source of caffeine. The United States consumes more coffee than any other nation and is “second only to water as the most widely consumed beverage in the United States. The consumption of coffee in the United has been increasing for the past 2 decades, and today about two thirds of American adults drink coffee on a daily basis.” (O’Keefe et. al., 2013, p. 1) Previously,…

Companies that produce protein powders as a supplement have been found to be spiking their protein blends by third party testing. This spiking has a number of different names that all mean the same; the only difference is how one describes the process of spiking such as nitrogen, protein, and/or amino spiking. Through third party testing of different blends of protein powder, companies discovered a way to lie to the total number of grams of protein that is actually in the blend. When testing the…

In the past few years, there’s been an issue that aroused within the news outlets on television. Many people have asked if GMO affects the development of children. One major thing that happen when children eat GMO affected foods are that children begin you grow puberty areas start to grow faster than usual. Majority of citizens believe that GMO isn’t bad for your health. Our government has passed a law stating that companies must place on their labels if it has GMO. So, the minority of people…

humanely; in no way is he subjected to torture or any form of cruelty. All states that use the death penalty use lethal injection; the days of subjecting a prisoner to hanging or the electric chair are long gone in the US. Inmates are first given a large dose of an anesthetic so they do not feel any pain (Bosner).” The above statement made by Bosner proves the death penalty is moral and…

The Immorality of Legalizing Recreational Drugs Recreational drugs are drugs with psychoactive (mind-altering) effects that are taken mainly for the “high” rather than for a legitimate medical purpose. Recreational drugs are commonly split up into four categories: 1. Hallucinogenic drugs (drugs that distort a person’s perceived reality) 2. Depressants (inhibits function of central nervous system) 3. Stimulants (speeds up functions of the central nervous system). The use of recreational drugs has…

Today, there are many arguments about whether or not our sex education system should be revamped, not to mention which topics should and shouldn 't be covered in our schools. The idea that abstinence-only sex education is, of course, commonly refuted—after all, it was only recently that a Texas school district, whose curriculum was solely abstinence-only with no coverage on contraceptives, had a chlamydia outbreak. The Guttmacher institute also states that 99% of women ages 15 to 44 have used at…