Epithelium

Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog is also known as PTEN, it is a phosphates encoding gene. PTEN gene is located on the long arm of chromosome 10 at the position 23.3. PTEN was first discovered in 1997, and it is a tumour suppressor gene (Li & Sun 1997, Li et al. 1997, Steck et al. 1997) it helps to regulate cell division. They function as a lipid phosphates to regulate signal transduction pathways, such as the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3k), protein kinase B (AKT) . The activity of its lipid…

The Reproductive System Laszlo Vass, Ed.D. Version 42-0025-01-01 Purpose Please explain the purpose of this lab. Include in your explanation the major concepts you learned and any safety concerns associated with the lab. Exercise 1: Microscopic Investigation of Reproductive Structures Observations A. Sketch each slide below and describe the tissues and…

Endometriosis is a debilitating and painful disease estimated to occur in 50% of women seeking treatment for pain and infertility (Prince & Thomas, 2015). Despite its prevalence, there is a significant diagnostic delay associated with endometriosis; the length of time between the first presentation of symptoms to the actual diagnosis averages 6 to 11 years (Yates, 2015). This diagnostic delay stems from widely debated pathogenesis, varied presentation, and standard methods of diagnosis (Prince &…

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) – the most common form of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia – is a chronic, progressive fibrotic lung disease that affects older adults. IPF is characterized by a continuing decline in lung function, poor survival, and limited therapeutic options. The invasive proliferation of fibrous tissue and scarring of the interstitium lead to a decline in forced vital capacity (FVC) (Richeldi et al. 2014). IPF has a poor prognosis; the median survival for the disease is…

Sex Specificity Difference in Sexual Arousal The research article, “A Sex Difference in the Specificity of Sexual Arousal” by Chivers, Rieger, Latty, and Bailey, attempted to address sexual arousal differences between sexes, specifically in relation to category specificity. They suggest that the non-specificity of the female sexual arousal response is among the many sex differences suggesting female and male sexuality are not opposite sides of the same coin. The functional roles of sexuality may…

C-shaped rings of cartilage, which reinforce it to prevent it from collapsing and to keep the airways open. Much like the nasal cavities, the trachea is also lined with its own cilia, but with a substance called ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium which secretes mucus to protect the trachea from harmful matter. This mucus is removed from the body through coughing, sneezing, spitting, or even…

gastric epithelial cells. It has been correlated with a variety of condtitions that serve as a precursor for gastric carcinogenesis. This review focuses on the different factors that enable Helicobacter pylori to colonize and damage the stomach epithelium, which are directly linked to Helicobacter pylori-induce gastric carcinogenesis. These factors include cytotoxin associated gene A (cagA), Vacuolating toxin A (vacA), Outer inflammatory protein A (oipA), peptidoglycan, flagella, and Duodenal…

As evolution of digestion has occurred, the ways organisms gain their energy from food has also evolved into much more complex processes. From the intracellular digestion process of single-celled organisms to multicellular organisms, such as humans, morphing into extracellular digestion, digestive systems have had to evolve with us so that our bodies allow us to easily absorb nutrients from our food. The simplest digestive system takes place in the subkingdom Protozoa, where organisms are made…

The purpose of our senses has to do with how our brain works with our body. All the senses in our body are created from the information that goes into the brain. The deeper view on the senses is perception. It creates a much bigger picture on how we view our five sense. The way that we perceive why we do what we do is perspective. All these objectives go with what we do in our everyday lives. As a class we all experienced these senses as we went to The Metropolitan Museum of Art and experienced…

heal blood vessel injuries leads to plaque formation and ruptured plaque, releasing blood clots and inflammatory agents into the blood. ɳ-3 fatty acids produce eicosanoids that trigger anti-inflammation and smoothen the lining of blood vessels, the epithelium, reducing plaque buildup and lowering high blood pressure. In fact, the rise in inflammatory diseases parallels the rise in dietary ɳ-6 fats, which trigger inflammation (Sears 66). Cardiologists believe ɳ-3 fatty acids soften arteries by…