Epithelium

So, what is cancer? It is “a malignant and invasive growth or tumor, especially one originating in the epithelium, tending to recur after excision and to metastasize to other sites.” Many people think it’s a “deadly disease” but it’s not just that, the patient can make it through it if they eat right, get the right amount of sleep, exercise, and go to their…

Primary nasopharyngeal adenocarcinoma is a rare malignancy, constituting only 0.026–5% of all nasopharyngeal malignant neoplasms. Nasopharyngeal adenocarcinoma has been classified by their morphological features and clinical behavior into two main subtypes: conventional /mucosal surface origin-type and salivary gland-type. The former is usually a low-grade tumor with papillary configuration, and likely originate from nasopharyngeal surface mucosa, while the latter consists of tumors such…

To correct the mutation in the gene that lead to the development of cystic fibrosis, a team of Yale researchers led by Dr. Peter Glazer (Chairman, therapeutic radiology), Mark Saltzman (Chairman, biomedical engineering), and Dr. Marie Egan (professor of paediatrics and of cellular and molecular physiology), the collaborative team operated certainartificial molecules identical to DNA known as Peptide Nucleic Acids (PNAs), as well as donor DNA, to recover the genetic abnormality.Professor Egan…

sporocysts contain 12-24 sporozoites. Dogs can get this infection by ingesting a tick with the sporulated oocysts or another animal that has ingested such a tick. Once ingested the sporozoites are released from the tick an enter into the intestinal epithelium of the dog and then they start traveling to other tissues in the body. It enters the leukocytes of the laminia propria, as well as the regional lymph nodes or liver. These sporozites are then transferred to body tissues where merogony can…

The Circulatory system, figures 15.2, 15.3 and terminologies Explain the circulatory system and its component in detail: The circulatory system helps to fight against diseases, and helps the body maintain a normal body temperature, and provides the right chemical balance to provide the body’s homeostasis, or state of balance among all its systems. Main Circulatory System Organs The circulatory system consists of the heart, blood vessels, blood and the lungs: Figure 1: circulatory system 1.…

The body system I chose was the integumentary system. The reason I chose this system was because I think that the skin is especially important being that it’s shown everyday. My skin is greatly significant to me that is why I always make sure it's cleaned and properly taken care of, especially my face. Besides the way I see the skin, I would like to learn more about my skin’s defense, disorders, diseases, etc. The integumentary system is one of the twelve different body systems we have.…

Introduction: Besides aiding in the digestion and absorption of nutrients, the gastrointestinal tract also participates in the on going immune response of the human body. The gastrointestinal (GI) tract maintains immune homeostasis by protecting the body from potentially harmful microbes and inducing tolerogenic responses. This essay will focus on gut immunology and how the different components work together to yield immune response. It will also discuss the efficiency of the mucosal immune…

Background information Structure of the large intestine The large intestine (also known as large bowel or colon) is the last part of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. It extends from the cecum to the anus, with the ascending colon, the transverse colon, the descending colon, the sigmoid colon and the rectum in between. The large intestine consists of four layers of tissue: the mucosa, submucosa, muscle and serosa (figure 1). The mucosa is made out of an epithelial layer, with a layer of…

The Blue Death is a mortifying illness that in most cases leads to death within a few days. Cholera is a severe dehydrating disease caused by vibrio cholerae, that affects victims worldwide. It is nicknamed The Blue Death, due to the extreme loss of fluids the body turns bluish-gray color. It is an acute diarrheal disease that causes severe vomiting and diarrhea. The first pandemic occurred in South Asia, in 1817 and continued to spread throughout India, China, the Middle East and Japan. It…

also two light chains of kappa and lambda. Its structure can be found to form trimers. Only in rare incidences, the structure of IgA forms big polymers. IgA enables the neutralisation so the activities of some viruses inside and also outside the epithelium cells. It also prevents the attachment of the antigens to the gut walls. The final sub-class of Ig is the E immunoglobulin (IgE). The IgE has been experiments by numerous functional methods. It is mostly induced by the virus. The IgE monomer…