Epithelium

initial phase of the detachment, the patient describes a sensation of a curtain being pulled down over the visual field. Perceived as gray bulges or folds in the retina, the retina detachment is caused from the photoreceptors separating from the epithelium due to fluid such as hemorrhage or liquid vitreous that deprives the outer retina of oxygen and nutrients. The most common form of retinal detachment is rhegmatogenous retinal detachment that involves vitreoretinal traction causing the retinal…

consists of simple columnar epithelium overlying a lamina propria and a thin layer of smooth muscle layer of smooth muscle called the muscularis mucosa. The mucosa contains a collection of lymphoid nodules called mucosal associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) , mucus - secreting goblet cells, and other glands that secrete products such as hydro hydrochloric acid and enzymes. The mucosa is generally covered with a layer of mucus that helps protect the underlying epithelium from the effects of…

Because there are two strands, it is thought this may be why we haven’t’ developed immunity to the virus. The virus affects the epithelium in the lungs by decreasing the function of the cilia and sometimes even destroying epithelium. The bronchioles become obstructed due to increased mucus secretions and edema within the submucosal…

They are: • Photorefractive keratectomy: It is sometimes used for people who have a low to reasonable degree of nearsightedness or farsightedness. The surgery removes the thin surface layer of the cornea (epithelium) and then uses a laser to flatten the cornea or make its curve steeper. It is less common than the Lasik surgery because the Lasik involves less discomfort and scarring when healing. • Laser-assisted epithelial keratomileusis (Lasek). Lasek is…

small intestine reacts by preventing vitamins and minerals to absorb. Gluten peptides are perceived as foreigners by antibodies within the body. Therefore, these antibodies treat them as a threat, and begin to destroy the intestinal wall called the epithelium and beyond the small intestine. Resolving the problem essentially requires a strict gluten-free diet which should end all symptoms and restore the ruined tissue within two years. Due to Celiac Disease’s increased prevalence, many food…

Assessment Task Two Case Study Question 1 Mr. Harding has a number of ‘pre-morbid’ chronic conditions that may be impacting on his admission and the care you will need to provide. Choose two (2) of Mr. Harding’s chronic diseases, explain the pathophysiology. What organs are affected by each disorder? (20 marks/10 per disorder) Asthma Asthma is a chronic syndrome related to the inflamed airways of the lungs (Rogers 2010). This is due to the constriction of the airways from an exaggerated…

different condition called Barrett’s esophagus. Patient’s Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease have a 3 times increased risk of developing this disease. Barrett’s esophagus occurs when the squamous epithelium of the gastroesophageal junction into the tubular esophagus is replaced by intestinal-like columnar epithelium. If this segment is longer, it results in more severe symptoms. Patients who have Barrett’s esophagus are at an additional risk for developing esophageal adenocarcinoma,…

symptomatic infections, local complicated infections, and systemic dissemination. Neisseria gonorrhoeae are transmitted during vaginal, anal or oral sex and therefore the primary infection sites of N. gonorrhoeae are the columnar and transitional epithelium of the urogenital tract (the urethra in males and the uterine cervix in females), the rectal mucosa, the conjunctiva, and pharynx (Hook I & Handsfield, 1990; Sparling et al., 1990). The highest infection rate in both men and women occurs…

layers: *the capillary wall membrane (fenestrated.) - pores increase capillary permeability but do not allow the passage of large molecules and blood cells *the basement membrane *the visceral epithelium of Bowman’s…

oils have been used in the UK and Europe for treatment but still has not debuted in the United States as a prescribed form of treatment (Butje, Repede, 2008). Essential oils act on the olfactory system; stimulating olfactory receptors in the nasal epithelium. Stimulation of the olfactory system is shown to immediately lower blood pressure, muscle tension, pupil size, brain activity and sleep (Barcan, 2014) The stimulation from there is then processed to the limbic system and hypothalamus. Once…