Enzyme kinetics

reaction without being consumed in the process4. Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts to a given biochemical reaction4. Enzymes manage to expedite metabolic reactions by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to proceed4. In ideal conditions, the reactant macromolecule binds and acts on what is referred to as a substrate. However, enzymes require specific conditions specific conditions to perform most effectively4. Enzymes are susceptible to altering their optimal form…

to denature the protein even at a low concentration. There were few sources of errors during the experiment. During experiment 1, the enzymes were kept in the heating block for little too long. Heat exposed to the protein hardens the enzyme, and thus, makes it harder and longer for substrate to bind to it. In experiment 4, with pH value of 9, the TEM-1 enzyme and nitrocefin did react, however, the colour was so faint that it was seen, and therefore, was not recorded. Observing just the…

After reading R.J. Francois' journal, titled "Growth Kinetics of Hydroxide Flocs," it became clear how the number of particles, molecules, or atoms present in the reactants makes it more likely for a reaction to occur at a faster rate. In this study, Francois developed a procedure involving volume concentration…

Introduction Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) is the key enzyme for carbon fixation and four different holoenzyme form of Rubisco are found in different organisms (Tabita et al., 1999; Tabita et al., 2007). Most abundant Rubisco forms 1 consist of eight large subunits and eight small subunits are found in algae, cyanobacteria and higher plants (Shively et al., 1973). The multiple nuclear gene encoding small subunits of Rubisco is called rbcS. rbcS exists only in Rubisco…

Most enzymes are catalytic proteins made up of amino acids and are a key part of the breakdown and synthesis of virtually every biological catalysis reaction mechanism. The primary function of a catalytic enzyme is to increase the rate of reaction by helping the enzyme overcome the activation energy barrier without the reaction consuming or changing the enzyme. In enzymatic reactions, the substrate binds to the highly specific enzyme active site (the substrate-binding domain) and forms an…

The Effect Of Temperature On The Rate Of Maggot Movement. Environmental Systems and Societies ---Planning Lab--- Gaurav Iyer Research Question To what extent does the temperature affect the movement of Maggots? Introduction The Experiment aims to analyze the behaviour of the maggots. In this case, behaviour is defined as the way organisms respond to their environment. In the experiment, the orientation of the movement of organisms and gametes in response…

Experimental Method: Extracting LDH. The LDH used was extracted from bovine skeletal muscle tissue. In the cold room, a mass of 20 grams of muscle tissue was obtained. It was placed in a blender along with ice cold buffer, 50 mM sodium phosphate and 10 mM EDTA at pH 7.5. The mixture was then blended and homogenized in order to break open the cells; during this time the temperature was checked periodically to make sure it stays below 20 C. This was done until the solution was homogeneous. The…

up the membrane and the temperature of the surrounding. In high temperature, the membrane is said to be more fluid than in lower temperature. It is because, in high temperature, the phospholipid is further from each other because they have higher kinetic energy. Therefore, the further the phopholipid between each other, the fluidity the membrane is. Besides that, fatty acids of the lipid that composed of saturated hydrocarbon tend to have straight shape so it will pack more tightly. The double…

Title: Methylcobaloxime: A Model for Vitamin B12 Aim: To create methyl(pyridine)cobaloxime(III) as a model for methylCobalamin, the methylated form of vitamin B12, Introduction: Using Co(I)Cl2 as a starting material, it is possible to produce a cyano(pyridine)cobaloxime like compound, Chloro(pyridine)cobaloxime whose chemistry can be investigated via means of methylation, as such using the Chloro(pyridine)cobaloxime as a model for replicating chemistry already known of…

Production of Dopachrome Intro Enzymes are a catalyst, typically a protein, that affects the rate of a chemical reaction. They allow these complex reactions to occur at a low temperature with less energy usage. In enzyme-catalyzed reactions, a substrate, the substance to be acted upon, binds to the active site on an enzyme to form the product. The active site is the only part of the enzyme that reacts with the substrate. For the substrate to become chemically changed, the enzyme must form a…