Enzyme kinetics

ABSTRACT To examine the enzyme kinetics of chymotrypsin during the catalysis of the synthetic substrate p-nitrophenyl acetate (NPA). Initially, observe the magnitude of the initial burst with regards to the enzyme concentration. Secondly, the analysis of the steady state deacylation rate with regards to the pH of the reaction mixture. Chymotrypsin catalysis is a process that proceeds with two steps, an initial fast step involving the covalent modification of the enzyme to the substrate and the…

a reaction with a catalyst. A catalyst is a molecule that starts a chemical reaction, but it is not part of the reaction it is causing. The experimenters will use pieces cut up potato as an organic catalyst. The potato contain enzymes that will perform the reactions. Enzymes, “are proteins, produced by living cells; they catalyze chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy. Activation energy is the energy required for a chemical reaction to occur” (Carter 1). Substrates or reactants are…

DISCUSSION Nelson et al, 2008, state “all enzymes that exhibit a hyperbolic dependence of V0 on [S] are said to follow Michaelis-Menten kinetics”. The data gathered from this experiment and plotted in figure 6 shows that it is this pattern shown in the reaction of PNPP to PNP catalysed by acid phosphatase, where a hyperbolic curve is observed in the graph of rate of reaction against substrate concentration, approaching the Vmax asymptotically. Acid phosphatase behaved congruently to the…

Chapter 4 - Discussion A standard curve of p-nitrophenol was drawn at the start of the project, before any enzyme assay of the fractions. The standard curve is set up so the equation of the line can be used to measure the enzyme activity in each sample fraction. P-nitrophenol shows a linear relationship with acid phosphatase. An Enzyme assay gives the activity levels of acid phosphatase in each fraction. The results from each fraction were placed into the equation of the line from the standard…

In this research, mesoporous material KIT-6 silica with high surface area (924.5 m2/g) and pore diameter (9.71 nm) was successfully synthesized using rice husk ash as a silica source. According to the SAXS analysis and TEM micrographs, the silicate structure of as-prepared KIT-was not distrupted by the functionalization and activation treatments with 3-APTES and glutaraldehyde, but showed a significant decrease in pore diameter and total pore volume as the compound was covalently bonded to the…

Analysis and Discussion The hypothesis that amylase would no longer hydrolyse the starch solution into maltose past 37°C was not supported by the data. Fig 1b, Fig 2.1 and Fig 2.2 all show the colour samples for various temperatures taken at increments of 10 seconds up to 40 seconds. Initially, 4°C was the slowest followed by 19°C then 37°C, 45°C, 80°C and 60°C being the fastest acting in the first 30 seconds. 80°C was the second-fastest acting temperature up until 20 seconds, but slowed down…

study was to see how enzyme activity would change as there was a change in temperature and pH. Both temperature and pH were hypothesized to have an affect on enzyme activity. Each had an optimal temperature. At this point, the rate of enzyme activity would stop increasing and begin to decrease. For temperature, it was hypothesized that the optimal temperature would be 48°C. For pH, it was hypothesized that the optimal pH would be 7. As temperature was increased, the enzyme activity also…

Enzymes are true catylst that exist in the living matters, helping to speed up the reactions and to keep up the metabolisms within the cell. Enzymes will work properly when working in favorable condition and with substrates that will bind easliy to form products. Enzymes bind to specific sustrates for form specific product(s) in different parts of the cell. These happens in the active site where chemical reaction begain as substrates are binded to the enzymes. Enzymes have different shapes, bond…

denature will occur. Also, the temperature increase, the kinetic energy where H2O2 molecules bind frequently with the catalyst increase the enzymes. Conclusions: An enzyme speeds up the chemical reaction, the activation energy allows energy to require to break bonds apart and lower activation…

Enzymes are important substances made by the cells of plants and animals. There are called catalysts, which are substances that control how quickly chemical reactions occur without interfering at the reaction products (Daja and Treska 2015). Structure of both the enzyme and substrate, the substance on which an enzyme acts; provides clues as to how an anticipated reaction can be favored by the alignment of catalytic residues (Johnson 2008). The reaction of an enzyme is represented as: In…