Enzyme inhibitor

Enzymes are known as catalysts that cause reactions to occur more rapidly by lowering the reaction’s activation energy. A reaction’s activation energy is known as the minimum amount of energy required to get a chemical reaction started1. In order for cells to efficiently manage thousands of different chemical reactions, they make use of biological catalysts. Without these catalysts, biological reactions would not be able to proceed at a proper rate necessary to maintain life. Most, but not all,…

lactose is a competitive inhibitor. In the presence of the inhibitor, the slope of the Lineweaver-Burk plot becomes the equation below. Using equation 7 along with the Km and the Vmax from series A, the Ki of Series B and C were calculated. The concentration of inhibitor for 50mM lactose was found to be 35714 μM using equation 1. Similar to the substrate concentration, the inhibitor concentration can be found using the same equation, but substituting in the inhibitor molar concentration and…

Enzyme catalysis can be a very confusing and long process, but in easier terms can just be explained by the fact that enzymes break down molecules into smaller pieces. The objective of this lab is to observe how quickly the enzyme catalase breaks down H2O2, and what long periods of contact between the two do to that process. We used seven different cups for seven different lengths of time, and in every cup we mixed 10 mL of 1.5% H2O2, 1 mL of distilled water, and 1 mL of catalase. We then…

Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions and are inexhaustible. They can increase the rate at which reactions occur by up to a factor of 10^19. The material that is being acted on by the enzyme is called a substrate. Enzymes work because they can bind to the transition state better than the substrate, which lowers the activation energy causing the speed of a reaction to accelerate. The enzyme combines with a substrate at the enzymes active site which creates the enzyme…

allosteric inhibition, inhibitor molecules bind to an enzyme at the allosteric site. Their binding induces a conformational change that reduces the affinity of the enzyme's active site for its substrate. The binding of this allosteric inhibitor changes the conformation of the enzyme and its active site, so the substrate is not able to bind. This prevents the enzyme from lowering the activation energy of the reaction, and the reaction rate is reduced. However, allosteric inhibitors are not the…

Enzymes are biological catalysts that increase the rate of a reaction by reducing the activation energy required for a reaction. Many enzymes are proteins but not all are; enzymes possess high levels of substrate specificity which they bind to through their active sites. Enzymes display optimal activity at a certain pH level and temperature. Temperature and pH level have drastic effects on enzyme activity; the enzyme will denature if the pH or temperature has changed from its optimal level.…

Catalysts and Inhibitors work by providing an alternative reaction pathway for the breaking and remaking of bonds in chemical reactions, changing the speed of the reaction. They are neither consumed in the reaction. Rather, they alter the amount of activation energy required. Different reactions require different catalysts, as well as different reactions require different inhibitors. The reaction energy path controls the speed of the reaction. The molecules follow the path of least resistance,…

needed to start a chemical reaction, activation energy, comes from enzymes. Enzymes (almost always proteins) are organic catalysts that help speed up the rate of reactions and allow the reactants to get the most out of the energy available. They do this without changing the reaction. Without an enzyme, then many chemical reactions may not occur because the activation energy could be too high to be reached without the help of an enzyme. For example, table salt, or sucrose, could sit for years…

in cancer as they have been shown to affect its many aspects (Pich et al., 2013). The mechanism that underpins the effectiveness of statins for hypercholesterolemia is the inhibition of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, an enzyme that catalyses the formation of mevalonic acid from HMG-CoA. Mevalonic acid is a precursor of cholesterol, and therefore inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase is very effective for inhibiting cholesterol synthesis. Mevalonic acid is also of particular…

Enzymes are important substances made by the cells of plants and animals. There are called catalysts, which are substances that control how quickly chemical reactions occur without interfering at the reaction products (Daja and Treska 2015). Structure of both the enzyme and substrate, the substance on which an enzyme acts; provides clues as to how an anticipated reaction can be favored by the alignment of catalytic residues (Johnson 2008). The reaction of an enzyme is represented as: In…