Environmental scanning

Environmental scanning involves a scan for the information concerning the events and relationships regarding a company’s external environment as well as the knowledge and information crucial to providing the future course of action of a company. This involves learning the events and trends in the environment thereby establish a relationship between them. Environmental scanning is helps in the organizational design and development, producing board’s agenda as well as management education. The process is also important in boosting a company’s ability to deal with the rapidly changing business environment in addition to providing intellectual stimulation to strategists for the process of decision-making. The process of environmental scanning involves…

The PESTEL framework on an environmental scan highlights six critical factors for management in Scotland to consider when approaching the general business environment. It is common to conduct a PESTEL assessment before any serious decisions are made or any large projects are undertaken. The Department of Health, responsible for the NHS, public health and social care, was among the leaders of New Public Management in the UK (Day and Klien 2000: 238). According to Dr Bobby Mackie, At the time of…

1) We examined the elements of environmental scanning in Module 4: Marketing - Helping Buyers Buy and many of the challenges facing CraveTV are due to the competitive environment. CraveTV is a less established brand in comparison to Netflix and Amazon Prime which control most of the market for on-demand video streaming. This means that it will be more difficult for CraveTV to attract customers because companies like Netflix have more shows available, a more recognizable brand. According to the…

Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) are two very widespread techniques for examining various properties of substances in many fields of study. These fields can range from biology to chemistry to geology and several others (5). Both work by using the electromagnetic properties of the ways that electrons travel and interact with other atoms. Because electrons have a shorter wavelength of motion and a much higher energy than light, electron microscopy has a…

3.2 Analysis of chip formation Fig. 7 shows the chip forms obtained during milling of the Al7075 (a) and MMCs (b) using the uncoated carbide inserts at a feed rate of 0.1 mm/tooth, machining speed of 290 m/min and axial depth of cut of 1.3 mm. The Al7075 chips formed during milling exhibited a smooth and shiny surface, and were in a semicircular and parabolic trapezoidal wave with a small radius and a saw-tooth-form, as shown in Fig. 7 (a). Fig. 7 (b) shows the chip shapes formed during the…

2.4.1. Statistical Analyses: All the statistical analyses were done by using Design Expert© 9.0 (Stat-Ease, USA) software package program. Total 20 experimental studies were run to prepare porous scaffold and for each run % AP was calculated manually by use of Archimedes principle. The observed response values (% AP) then put into CCD model and generate a response surface image (Figure 2). After that, the numerical optimization was done by maintaining all parameter values “in range” and response…

The first scanning electron microscope (SEM) was invented by Manfred von Ardenne in 1937 (McMullan). However, further development of the SEM was accomplished by Charles Oatley and his colleagues at Cambridge University (McMullan; Egerton 17). He and his colleagues acquired their first images from the SEM in 1951 (Egerton 17). The SEM was developed because if a TEM is utilized, a specimen must be made extremely thin to prevent the electrons from dispersing inside the specimen and so the electrons…

Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) images and spectra were obtained from various samples of silica and platinum on silica. Each sample contains unique structures which were prepared by etching the surface of silica in different conditions. A scanning electron microscope is a type of electron microscope that produces images of topography and composition by scanning a sample with a focused beam of electrons. Samples can be observed in high vacuum,…

Technical Review of Hydrothermal Formation of Calcium Copper Tetrasilicate Introduction Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is used to obtain close-up images of samples with depth enabling high quality, 3D depictions on a microscopic level. It has been historically used to identify samples of interest such as bacterial biofilm, microtexture surfaces, and even cancer cells for diagnosis.[1, 2, 3] The first high magnification SEM was reported in a journal in 1938 by Ardenne after developing the…

and the weight of the powder sample was used to calculate the bulk density before tapping. Approximately after 100 taps/min (until no volume change) the volume was observed (tapped volume) and used to calculate the tapped density from powder weight. Moisture content by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) The moisture contents of the supplied and spray-dried powders were determined using a thermogravimetric analyser (TA Instruments, New Castle, DE). After loading into a platinum sample pan, the…