Environmental enrichment

INTRODUCTION TO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION STUDIES Pollution is the process of making the environment dirty, unsafe, or unsuitable to use. Worldwide pollution affects more than 200 million people. The two countries responsible for creating almost half of the planet’s carbon dioxide emissions is China and the United States (“Gallucci and Horn”). However, Americans are 5% of the world’s population and use 25% of the world’s resources. American’s burn up nearly 25% of coal, 26% of oil, and 27% of…

The smog policy in California is also frequently referred to as the smog check program and was first implemented in 1984. Its main purpose is to ensure the adherence to the goal of having cars make the least amount of pollution. This policy dictates that all cars should undergo inspections, but there are certain car categories that have been exempted from the biennial smog inspections. A key part of the policy involves the identification of the cars that have the highest levels of pollution and…

Today, in a society full of advanced technology, people think our country is perfect. With water resistant phones, 3-D holographic advancements, and cars equipped with automatic braking systems, it is no wonder Americans have this perceived idea of perfection. However, our country is suffering from a problem that we thought only third world countries suffered from, and our carelessness about this issue is not helping our increasingly dangerous situation. Water is everything; water is everywhere.…

enormous sum of money to support it. At the same time, oil and mining companies were taxed in order to support this fund. The fund was established in the early 80’s to support sites which have experienced environmental disaster. According to the documentary, Tar Creek is the “worst environmental disaster” (Myers, 2010). It was sad to witness how the town started to disappear when the mining industry arrived. The path of contaminated orange water begins in Kansas, it continues to run through…

The proposition in which I chose to conduct research on is California Proposition 65. This proposition is also known as the Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986. This proposition was issued by the Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment. According to the website prop 65 clearinghouse this proposition does not allow a person who is doing business in California to expose chemicals that can cause cancer or reproductive toxicity without giving a warning. Also chemicals are…

Prior to the 19th century, the idea of ‘wilderness’ was associated with desolation and an incredible fear of the unknown. This can mostly be attributed to early Christianity; in the Bible all things ‘wild’ were of hellish nature and meant only unpredictable darkness. It wasn’t until the beginning of the American romantic movement that this perception began to shift in the wake of great minds such as Henry David Thoreau, Ralph Waldo Emerson, James Fenimore Cooper, Thomas Cole, and many other…

Evidence supporting the incorporation of enrichment materials into a captive mammal’s environment lead Pounder and his colleagues to investigate if doing so would be just as beneficial to captive fish. Fish are a hugely exploited research model as millions of tons of fish are farmed across the UK. Despite the massive commercial production occurring, inadequate research has been done on improving fish welfare in stressful situations. The large growth of the aquaculture industry should be…

Enrichment is a method of enhancing animal welfare in captive populations (Claxton, 2011). The environment of animals when in the care of man, varies drastically from their wild counterparts (Shyne, 2006.) Captivity is an artificial environment in which animals must adapt to features that they would otherwise not experience in their natural environment. However, due to the significant differences between nature and captivity, there are a variety of maladaptive behaviors that may develop (Mollah,…

control animals than in wild habitats (Carlstead and Mcphee, 2010). Environmental enrichment is applied to captive environments to improve and encourage natural behaviours. In order to improve the welfare of an animal and encourage them to perform natural behaviours though modifications to its environment, the enrichment must be able to aim to improve the biological functions of an animal (Newberry,…

boredom of repetitive tasks and also at risk of becoming stressed or overwhelmed from being overloaded with their assigned tasks and duties. JOB ENRICHMENT IN HEALTH INFORMATION SERVICES 3 One solution to decrease these risks involves job redesign or enrichment. Carpenter, Taylor and Erdogan (2009) explain that some of the benefits of job enrichment include fewer absences and higher productivity and retention rates. These benefits result from happier employees that experience…