Embryo

Abstract Many studies have examined the effects of prenatal stress on pregnancy and fetal development placing particular attention to long-term effects on behavioral and emotional development of the child. These implications are reviewed and illustrate the importance of assessing individuals differently and examining prenatal exposure to stressors during each trimester of pregnancy. Gestational age of exposure is associated with greater vulnerability to a particular outcome because different…

The potential dangers of prenatal maternal stress and its effects on the fetus is a continuous question being asked of expectant mothers. Can external psychological or physical stressors negatively impact a developing fetus? Janet DiPietro looks at research done on a variety of animal subjects to determine what, if any, impact stress can have on fetuses, including those of humans. However, can research performed on animal subjects be applied to humans? One of DiPietro (2000) initial statements…

The article, “Prenatal blueprints give an early glimpse of a baby’s developing brain”, by Vaughan Bell most closely relates to chapter three which informs the reader of prenatal development in the womb until childbirth. Bell begins by allowing the reader into his world by explaining his emotions and describing the first ultrasound he is attending alongside his wife. This is a very much normal experience for any expecting parents, since it allows a view into what very soon they will be able to…

1.2. Brain Development Brain development starts at the embryonic period, more specifically at the fifth week of pregnancy. Figure 1.1 illustrates the timeline of pregnancy by weeks and months of GA (16). In the first months of pregnancy and before birth, the brain experiences the most development and changes in shape, size and structure (17, 18). Most significantly, changes occur in the size of the brain and in the cortical folding. Growth continues rapidly until the brain is two to three years…

Two different types of seeds, Radish and Cactus, were grown using different concentrations of Gibberellic acid, to see how it would affect their germination time. The amount of germinated seeds were counted each day, and then compared with the combined data from the rest of the class. Gibberellic acid is a metabolic byproduct of the “Gibberella Fujikuroi” fungus. It caused the stems of rice to grow more rapidly than usual, so rapidly that the plant would collapse (Riley 1987) (Gupta, Chakrabarty…

We live in a time where significant change has been made through the use of technology. No area of life has been unaffected, pregnancy included. Ever since Ian Donald used sonar to see a fetus inside of the womb in the 1950s, ultrasound technology has been utilized to examine the development of fetuses (Tropp 2013, 19). When it became apparent that there was a high demand for visual imaging technologies in pregnancy the ultrasound began to emerge as a routine practice to monitor pregnancy. With…

Impact of Salt on Seed Germination Introduction Germination is a key event in a plant’s lifetime and controlled by two main factors which are water and salt stress (Yuan et al., 2016 and Vallejo et al., 2010). Salt stress affects plant growth and crop production by causing osmotic and ionic stress in plants. Alonso-Blanco et al in 2009 reported that less study was made on the traits in Arabidopsis thaliana despite the immense genetic variation present in the species and the importance of seed…

Evidence Based Practice Review The article, “Adherence of antidepressants during pregnancy”, addresses medication management and compliance during pregnancy by comparing three methods: Pill count, Beliefs about Medication Questionnaire (BMQ) and Blood Level Monitoring (BLM) with the Medication Event Monitoring system (MEMS). The presented evidence submits that nonadherence with medication is a shared dilemma in pregnant women. Moreover, distinctive consideration is necessitated and utmost to…

Classification Levels of the Chesapeake Blue Crab Characteristics of Invertebrates in the Class Malacostraca Scientific Name: Callinectes sapidus Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Arthropoda Sub-Phylum: Crustacea Class: Malacostraca Order: Decapoda Family: Portunidae Genus: Callinectes Species: Sapidus Habitat of the Chesapeake Blue Crab The Blue Crab lives in several different locations. A few of these locations are the…

Rebecca Thomas and her husband are expecting and they are very overjoyed. As new parents they are afraid of having a miscarriage. After Rebecca past her 12th week mark of when miscarriages can occur they felt a relief. During her eighth week ultrasound her baby wasn’t fully developed so he resembled a sea creature alien look alike. During her pregnancy she felt him move and heard his heart beat just as if he was a normal baby like everyone else’s. As days went by they started to plan and get…