Electron microscope

Those forces include gravitational, electromagnetic, strong, and weak. The electromagnetic force is the reason why the electrons are repelled from the nucleus and the protons. The strong force is why the protons stay together in the middle. These both keep the atom from falling apart. Weak forces keep radioactive decay from transforming the nucleus into a proton or an electron. Most commonly know is gravity. Gravity impacts the less on the atom compared to the rest of the forces. Gravity affects…

Electrons are small negatively charged particles that are found in the electron cloud of an atom. These electrons repel other negatively charged particles and are attracted to positively charged particles. They are important because they play a major role in creating chemical bonds between atoms and contribute to its mass. A scientist by the name of Robert Andrews Millikan won a Nobel Prize for his study and finding of the charge of an electron. His findings greatly helped the scientific…

atoms strive to obtain the ideal valence of 8. Some atoms need to gain or lose electrons in order to achieve the ideal valence. In a covalent bond, the electrons are being pulled by two atoms that are both nonmetals. In other words, the two atoms are sharing electrons, but not all covalent bonds are shared equally. Within covalent bonds, there are nonpolar and polar covalent bonds. In nonpolar covalent bonds, the electrons are shared equally or very closely. In polar covalent bonds, one atom…

Atoms are very,very small. They couldn’t have been seen until 1981 with the invention of scanning tunneling microscopes. But the ideas go all the way back to ancient Greece. The beginning of the atom start around 450 B.C. with a Greek philosopher named Democritus. Democritus and a younger contemporary of Socrates. He was born in Abdera in 460 B.C. His teacher was Leucippus. Democritus was known as the laughing philosopher because he really understood cheerfulness. He stated that all things were…

Source 1:http://van.physics.illinois.edu/qa/listing.php?id=13451 Some kinds of metals (like steel that the needles are made of) are made up of billions and billions of individual atoms that each have the properties of a microscopic magnet. The atoms in steel naturally tend to get together in tiny little groups called domains, and within each domain the atoms tend to point in the same direction, which makes the domains behave like a tiny little bar magnets just like the kind you have…

Electron Motion Control and Imaging M. Th. Hassan Electron motion in atomic systems, which happens on timescales of attoseconds (10-18s), is at the heart of all phenomena in nature. For instance, the motion of electrons in the chemical bonds determines the structure change in the molecules. Therefore, controlling this fast electron motion, in turn, allows to control the molecular structure change. Additionally, recording snapshots of the electron motion will provide real-time access to all…

each other every second to sustain our daily lives. These particles are called atoms, and they are the most basic and indivisible units of matter. They retain their identity through chemical reactions, yet they are so small that even the strongest microscope cannot detect them. The reasoning behind atomic reactions intrigued many intellectuals. To understand more about this concept, they had to comprehend the compositions of these particles. Although the scientist and philosophers could not…

Thompson went with the idea that the electron had a very tiny mass and discovered that it was around 2000 times lighter than the lightest known atom. Thompson had discovered the first sub-atomic particle. From this new found information, Thompson went on to develop the plum pudding model of…

Purpose: Observe a compound light microscope to learn the names of its major parts. Research: Microscope is an essential tool for the study of small structures such as cells. The most common type of microscope is the bright-field microscope, used for this purpose is the compound light microscope, it is called compound because it uses two sets of lenses the objective and the ocular. The ocular lens usually magnifies 10x.…

Figure 1a. Size of nano curcumin. Image of curcumin nanoparticles taken with Transmission electron microscope (JOEL 2100F) showing particles having size distribution of 59.9 nm to 198 nm ( average size of 160 nm). Figure 1b. Bioavailability of nano curcumin. Mice were given I.P injections with curcumin/nanocurcumin (vehicle: PBS containing 10% ethanol) per mice at 100 mg/kg body weight and then bled at different time points via retro-orbital puncture and blood collected from each…