Electron configuration

determine what element the atom is, and the number of neutrons influences the atom’s mass. There are also negatively charged particles, called electrons, to counteract the positive charge of the nucleus. These electrons fly around the atom’s empty space, which the atom is mostly made of (Doc. 2). The electrons are in groups called electron clouds, and these electron clouds help the atom bond with other atoms (Doc. 3, OI). These findings that we know today have been contributed to by many…

Chapter 11, “The Chemical Elements”, was of great interest to me. “Chemistry is the study is the study of the composition and structure of matter (anything that has mass) and the chemical reactions by which substances are changed into other substances (James T. Shipman 285).” In this summary paper, I will discuss some of the highlights of the chapter. The way I see it, God is the original/first chemist. He took His own creations (the elements in our Periodic Table) to make provisions for…

Ultrasound has been used for many years to help diagnosis. Ultrasound describes sound frequencies beyond the range of normal human hearing and 20 kilohertz. Ultrasound uses focused low-energy ultrasound waves to visualize the interior of the body in a noninvasive and painless way. Many people are to thanks for the evolution of ultrasound. Dating back to the 1700’s. Lazzaro Spallanzani in 1793 observed that bats function efficiently in the dark, even when blinded, but not if deafened. He…

Atoms are made up of particles called neutrons, protons and electrons. Electrons have a negative electrical charge, protons have a positive electrical charge, and neutrons have no electrical charge. The neutrons and protons group together in the middle part of the atom, which is called the nucleus. An individual atom atoms will have at least as many neutrons as protons and it will have the same amount of electrons and protons. Atoms have a large amount of energy which holds their nuclei together…

I. Purpose: The purpose of this lab is best understood by the principles of static electricity, as two rough objects rub against each other the atoms of those objects touch and pull upon each other sporadically. When this occurs the electrons of those atoms will transfer between these objects and static electricity is generated. This lab is performed to see the role that static electricity has on objects, when determining their charge and how they interact, all seen by a firsthand course of…

rationale for such fear. In NMR, a sample of material is placed in a strong magnetic field. The nuclei in the sample, each having a spin and therefore a magnetic moment, align and precess about the axis of the field. The other allowed quantum configuration is to align in the opposite direction (against the field). The energy needed to jump up to that state is proportional to…

group 4. This element is a transition metal and the symbol is Ti. The color of titanium is a silver grey and white color. The atomic mass is 47.867 and atomic number is 22. This element however is resistant to chlorine, and sea water. It has 22 electrons, 22 protons, and 26 neutrons. The density is 4.54 The discoverer who found titanium is William Gregor a Mineralogist. The year it was discovered was in 1791. Where it had been found was in Cornwall, Great Britain. Titanium is the 9th element…

"Energy Story", "Hands-On Science with Squishy Circuits" and "Conducting Solutions". All very informative sources about electricity and how its conducted. In Energy Story what the author is explaining the basics of the science behind the amazing process that allows us to have electronic instruments that run on this source of energy. The purpose of the article "Energy Story", is to inform the reader about the scientific force behind this process, and what goes on when we flip a light switch. It…

in a solution of metals. These electrons get heated at the same temperature, however the energy that is needed to excite each electron in the different metals is not the same. This means that the energy levels that change are now unstable and need to cool down, and as soon as they are moved into the heat source through kinetic energy, a photon of light energy is created and this excites all electrons. The flames change colors based on the amount of excited electrons and this makes the colors…

more energy from the accelerating voltage. The accelerated particles may be used to bombard suitable target materials to produce radioisotopes. Modern cyclotrons accelerate negative ions towards the outer edge of the chamber stripping the excess electrons off the ions to form positive particles such as a proton which can then be extracted from the cyclotron as a beam. The energy attained by the particle is determined by the size of the vacuum…