Electron configuration

bigger atomic radius. The definition of the atomic radius is the distance from the nucleus to the outside edge of the electron cloud, this means that the bigger the atomic radius is, the harder for the positive nucleus to pull the negative electrons in because of electron shielding, meaning that the electron in the lower energy level is in the way of the radius and the electrons in the higher energy level. This is the reason why Calcium is more reactive than Magnesium, since it can…

Atoms are what make up what we call “matter.” They are the smallest units of a chemical element, and they consist of protons, neutrons, and electrons. These components form an atom’s subatomic particles. Before discussing the copper atom at length, we must first be able to understand the components that comprise an atom. The first of these components that make up an atom is the proton. The proton is a very important part of an atom, because the atomic number of an atom is equivalent to the…

Chlorine is an element that consists of 17 protons, an average of 18.5 neutrons and 17 electrons. It has an atomic number of 17, and an average nuclear charge of 35.5. There are 2 isotopes of chlorine that are 35Cl and 37Cl. 35Cl has an atomic mass of 35 and a natural abundance of 75%. 37Cl has an atomic mass of 37 and a natural abundance of 25%. The average atomic mass or nuclear charge equates to 35.5. Both of the isotopes have the same atomic number. (BBC Bitesize. Atoms and the periodic…

called the relationship “the law of octaves”. Even so, this law could not be applied for the elements beyond Calcium, so it was not accepted by the scientific community. The modern periodic table is thought to be the outermost ground-state electron configuration of the elements. The elements are divided into categories; the representative elements, noble gases, the transition elements and the actinides. The representative elements…

Alchemy was the earliest understanding of today’s chemistry. These two display Is Alchemy Chemistry? different pathways of thinking and rationalising rather than two diverse concepts. The practice of alchemy is the basis of chemistry, as it was a vital role of origin and evolution towards chemistry we know today. The comprehension of both alchemy and chemistry will aid in order to establish their connections and difference of opinion or belief. Discovering both histories of the two concepts will…

1. Is mercury an appropriate target for AGI? Why or why not? Please clearly cite examples for your reasons. (10 points) There are many reasons that mercury is an appropriate target for AGI. • Both companies are in the same industry of footwear products. • First off the two companies have differentiating strategies and markets that they sell to. AGI will be adding a new market to their company goals and increasing their revenue streams. • AGI strives in the casual footwear segment with a…

corresponds to a molecular orbital. The HOMO, or highest occupied molecular orbital is the most energetic (highest n-value) orbital that contains an electron. The n-value is equal to the number of double bonds present. The orbital that corresponds to the first excited state is referred to as the LUMO, or lowest unoccupied molecular orbital. The transition of an electron from the HOMO orbital to the LUMO orbital is the transition that requires the least amount of energy.…

The arrangement of electrons is distributed between four orbital’s; S, P, D and F. Each orbital is a different shape and holds a different number of electrons. Orbital S is a circle and it contains two electrons and orbital P has three different shells. One shell is an infinity sign, the next is a crooked infinity sign and the last is shaped like an upright infinity sign. Each shell can hold two electrons which allow orbital P to hold six electrons, orbital D can hold ten electrons, and orbital…

loosely held electron from one mole of gaseous atoms to produce one mole of gaseous ions each with a charge of +1. The first ionisation decreases as you go down a group. This is because the electrons are getting further away from the nucleus meaning it is easier to remove the outer electron. There is also less shielding thus allowing the outer electron to be removed much more easily. As you go down the group the number of inner shells increases therefore the distance of the outer electrons from…

the sense it relates to the Hund’s rule. As stated earlier, the Hund’s rule mostly explains that all electrons have to spin the same while the orbitals are singly occupied, and Pauli’s principle simply states that no two electrons can have the same four electronic quantum numbers. Regarding the fact that each orbital can only hold up to two electrons, the Pauli principle explains that both electrons must have opposite spins. Likewise, the Hund’s rule, when put into context, can be seen as…