Efficacy

Promotion Research to Practice? Rethinking the Efficacy-to-Effectiveness Transition," the authors, Russell Glasgow, Edward Lichtenstein, and Alfred Marcus explain their opinion about the imperfect translation of health promotion and behavior research findings into practice. Their article addresses the traditional assumption that “the best candidates for effectiveness studies—and later dissemination—are interventions that prove successful in certain types of efficacy research.” In addition,…

Judge, Jackson, Shaw, Scott, and Rich (2007) performed a meta-analysis, which explored the impact of self-efficacy on task- and work-related performance, while holding individual variables constant. Through performing a multivariate analysis of these data, they found that the impact of self-efficacy on work performance was affected by several variables. Judge et al. (2007) found that self-efficacy provided greater incremental validity, or value added, when the complexity of the relevant job or…

World War II (WWII) lasted longer and killed more people than the Great War. There was not a fast victory conquered by bombers hitting the heart of the enemy. Airpower’s contribution to the allied victory did not represent the ultimate fulfillment of the predictions of interwar theorists. Even though airpower had an important role, and many lessons and doctrines emerged after this period, the visions of Douhet, Mitchell and others did not materialized as they expected. In this paper, I will…

The film Margin Call by J.C. Chandor has a lot of different themes running throughout that makes one question their own career path. Some themes would include job satisfaction, ethics, and reasons for choosing a job. The focus of this essay will be mainly on job satisfaction since that seemed to come up quite often throughout the film. The three characters from the film that will be mentioned in this essay are Eric Dale, Sam Rogers, and John Tuld as they are the center of the theme, good or bad.…

"Effort-performance" is in relation to expectancy. Thus, the perception of the individual is that the effort that he or she will put forward will actually result in the attainment of the "performance". This cognitive evaluation is heavily weighted by an individual's past experiences, personality, self-confidence and emotional state. Expectancy has been characterized as the subjective likelihood since people contrast in their estimations of the connection amongst behaviour and outcomes for the…

The simple definition of locus of control is described as one’s outlook on the world. Locus of control is a broad topic and can be divided into internal and external locus of control. An internal locus of control is described as “the perception that you control your own fate” (Myers 578). “The perception that chance or outside forces beyond your personal control determine your fate” (Myers 578) is the idea of external locus of control. A person who has an internal locus of control believes that…

Electric lighting is something many people today take for granted. Humans have always used a variety of techniques to get the light source they needed, but no invention was as successful as the light bulb. During the 18th century, candles and oil lamps illuminated most homes. While they were able to emit some sort of light, there were many drawbacks. They often lit houses on fire, created foul smelling smoke, and only gave off a small amount of light. The wealthy typically used beeswax candles…

Fishbein’s (1974) model was used by Eccles and Wigfield (2000) in their Expectancy–Value Theory of Achievement Motivation. The theory aims to explain the behavior of individuals through their expectancies or motives (Fishbein, 1974) but specifically with achievement motivation (Eccles et al., 2000). The theory suggested that individuals with high expectancy rate (ability beliefs, expectancies for success, and subjective task values) will more likely to predict high level individual achievement.…

Motivation Motivation may be defined as the ability to direct psychological processes towards certain goals or objectives. Motivation is largely characterised by internal and external factors that may influence a person’s actions(Mitchell,1982). Through motivation, it can be argued that organisations are able to achieve higher performance and more positive outcomes (Steers, Mowday, & Shapiro, 2004 as cited in Van den Broeck et al., 2016). Therefore, motivation is important to employees and for…

Online Dating and the Self An Analysis of Computer Mediated Technology and Impression Management in conjunction with Self-Efficacy and Self-Esteem. In our modern society, technology has rapidly and progressively evolved at an unprecedented rate. As one article tells us, Not only are the necessities more than covered, many aspects are dedicated to more personal wants/needs. One such aspect is that of dating, a custom designed to pair one willing participant with another in order to procreate.…