Effective dose

In Case Study #3 Three nurses woke up in hospital beds due to a secondary exposure to fentanyl after cleaning up a room from a patient who had overdosed, and knowing what we know about pharmacokinetics we need to be taking precautions when a potential fentanyl/heroin overdose is suspected. Proper protocols need to be set in place when dealing with possible overdose of fentanyl/heroin to protect the patient as well as the people who are treating the patient. Experts have recognized a need for…

Although there is no cure for psoriasis, there are multiple effective treatment options. Treatment guidelines for psoriasis are now used throughout the world. These guidelines can improve the quality of clinical decisions, and present options for improving the quality of care. Treatment success is defined as a decrease in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score of 75% or greater that allows for treatment continuation; treatment failure is defined as a decrease in PASI score of less than…

Medication Errors in Nursing Errors are a basic component of human life; they come from natural cognitive processes and adaptation of behavior. Proper excursion of medical procedures is the core piece of the healing process as well as the major component of nursing practice as a discipline and they all revolve around the patient safety. Medication errors can adversely increase the cost of treatment and affect the patient’s safety. Administering medication to patients is a very critical role of…

Post-operative pain is the form of acute pain which is obvious but unwanted experience after the surgery. Effective postoperative pain management is a crucial element of good quality of care. The nurse should be able to provide adequate treatment for pain relief, failing to do so is considered unethical (Gunningberg & Idvall 2007). Post-operative pain control…

effects of DDT on human health some claim are often misinformation. DDT, originally made as a pesticide, can present a danger to humans in large doses, however, its only real danger is to animals. DDT,…

Amongst both sheep and cattle, there had previously been outbreaks of rotavirus. This is a virus that results in diarrhoea and intestinal issues, which can cause fatalities in young calves and lambs. This outbreak occurred because the enterprise previously had not vaccinated against rotavirus (the owners of the farm tend to limit their use of vaccines on the livestock). However, after this outbreak, stock units with the virus were culled and the enterprise now regularly vaccinates against it…

Antibodies directed against TNF-α include infliximab (IFX), a monoclonal chimeric antibody, adalimumab (ADA) and golimumab (GLM), both humanized monoclonal antibodies. These therapy agents have been proven to be effective for obtaining and maintaining clinical remission in UC [10-12, 14, 15]. In ulcerative colitis, the benefit of the combination of anti-TNF-α agents with an IS (combination therapy) remains debated. In Crohn’s disease (CD), the SONIC trial, reported…

last group receiving only ramosetron at the end of surgery (Park et al., 2013). Those treated with midazolam were also given a 0.3 mg dose of ramosetron at the end of their surgeries (Park et al, 2013). This study concluded that those who were given an antiemetic “at induction of anesthesia or at the end of the surgery, combined with ramosetron, was more effective than ramosetron alone in reducing the incidence of PONV” (Park et al., 2013, p 655). The evidence surrounding this study still…

destroy, increasing the risk of organ transplant rejection. Another barrier to xenotransplantation includes the possibility of diseases bypassing the species barrier and infecting humans. All in all, xenotransplantation has been seen as a possible effective tool for increased acceptance of organ transplants. In general, organ transplant is made the most successful when it is accompanied with immunosuppression drugs that prevent the host immune system from attacking the foreign transplant organ.…

minimal stimulation regimen for POR patient is not clear as there are different pros and cons of different minimal protocols [2]. There is no evidence of superiority of one approach over another; however minimal stimulation protocol with low dose CC plus low dose Gn is associated with reduced discomfort and treatment burden [5]. Moreover there is lack of large study population or randomized control trials (RCT) and besides no protocol can make poor responders to become good responders, as poor…