Edward Thorndike

was eschewed by Watson in favour of Pavlov 's formulation. It would later form the basis for operant conditioning under B.F Skinner. Thorndike proposed that any action resulting in pleasure would likely be repeated while any action that provided a negative experience would not likely be undertaken again. Skinner introduced the idea of reinforcement into Thorndike 's model. When behaviour is reinforced it becomes stronger, and without reinforcement it will become weaker and eventually crumble.…

Based on Julia Stewart’s leadership style she has many favorable factors that would come into play while working for her. Julia’s positive reinforcement method, her application of feedback and coaching, and focus on intrinsic rewards are all attributes that make her an appealing manager. Further examining these strategies will give extra support to this claim. Julia’s desire to administer positive reinforcement is a favorable factor most employees would appreciate. According to Kreitner and…

It focuses only on the relation between observable behavior and environmental events or stimuli. Some researchers like Thorndike and other associationists, studied responses that were voluntary (although perhaps lacking any conscious thought, as in Thorndike’s work).Some researchers also studied reactions that were involuntarily triggered in response to what appear to be…

child was left alone in the room, he or she would do the exact same thing. Edward Thorndike introduced instrumental learning. Instrumental learning is learning developed when an animal or human does something. Thorndike’s experiment was called the Puzzle Box. He placed a cat inside a wooden box and as the cat would try to escape, the only way it would get out was by pulling the lever. Once the cat learned this, Thorndike would put it back in the box and the cat would immediately pull the lever…

modification (Chaplin, 1979). Moreover, the most important result of this focus is the modern application of behavioral and cognitive behavioral therapy. Historical Survey The first use of the term behavior modification appears to have been by Edward Thorndike in…

stimulus-response, reinforcements and punishments, objective measure, social learning, and reductionism (the notion that human behavior can be explained by breaking it down into smaller elements), (Khan, 2013; McLeod, 2013). Ivan Pavlov, John Watson, Edward Thorndike, and B.F. Skinner figure among some of the key theorist of this approach, (McLeod, 2013; Ormrod, 2012; Watson, 1999). Two of the most well-know theories of behaviorism are classical (or respondent) conditioning and operant…

Operant conditioning is a type of learning in which a response increase in frequency as a result of its being followed by reinforcement. Operant condition have been studied by many behaviorists including Edward Thorndike’s who introduced the low of effect by absorbing the behavior of animals trying to escape from puzzle box. B.F. Skinner who is often regarded to as the father of operant conditioning is another major behaviorist who took Thorndike’s low and add to it. Skinner research on the…

Troublesome behaviors in the within the classroom environment is a distress for teachers and students alike. The influence of learning can be improved if these types of behaviors are identified and probable actions are put into place to correct it. Miss Jane, taking charge of Primary 5 students, typically aged 11, finds it a hassle to manage the class due to the exhibition of problem behaviors by them. With this, her yearly performance evaluation can be greatly affected, if the behaviors…

Schustack, 2012). Despite the negative connotation that normally corresponds with the term “consequences”, when discussing the theories of Skinner the term simply refers to the aftermath of the behavior whether it be a positive or negative result. Edward Thorndike, who felt that if a behavior resulted in pleasure, the behavior would then be strengthened and the opposite would occur if the…

A major shift in society occurred between 1870-1916 during America’s time of industrialization. Industrial jobs and urban living shined like a beacon of opportunity, flooding cities with a population boom. Amidst one of the biggest changes in U.S. history, the educational system in America had to find a way to educate students in a way that reflected the changing ideas, population, values, and jobs. The massive changes that were occurring sparked the Progressive Movement that lasted half of the…