Earthquake engineering

Many of those who live in central Italy near L’Aquila were greatly impacted by the 6.3 magnitude earthquake that shook the entire town and surrounding areas in 2009. After this, many of the residents in these areas took comfort in the idea that it happened once, and it wouldn 't happen again. But when houses began to shake at 3:36 A.M. on August 24th, 2016 disaster struck once again. Though this earthquake was not as large as the previous one, the magnitude 6.2 was followed by almost 200…

Our world is changing, living people more and more vulnerable to the consequences of conflicts between countries or natural disasters such as floods, earthquakes, or hurricanes. The earthquake of 12 January 2010 in Haiti is an example of such a disaster. It caused devastation in the cities of Port-au-Prince, Leogane, and Grassier. The earthquake caused considerable damage which has been estimated at $7804 million, which was more than Haiti could afford so every star bend together to raise…

Have you ever seen the movement of a whip? When it is cracked it starts with small ripples at base and magnifies as the waves move towards the end. Now someone may be puzzled how in the earth that can be linked towards supply chain. The analogy is quite simple, although the consequences can be quite complex and adverse. Let’s start with an example, suppose just at the beginning of the winter season customers buy 2 moisturizer creams for the season. If there is an offer on the table,…

contact, external load, environmental conditions, texture of surface and properties of the materials. Figure 1.7 Friction force required to cause relative motion by (a) sliding (b) rolling 1.6.2 Mechanism of Sliding Friction Always the engineering surfaces are not perfectly smooth and flat. It has asperities (ie.,short range perturbations from the mean) and waviness (i.e., long range perturbations from the mean). At the time of contact of the two surfaces, they touch only at…

Excerpt from Keiko’s bomb The town exploded with a loud,rumbling sound. I looked up and faced the blinding light with intense heat. Seconds after, the ground started shaking with a vibration that I hadn't felt before. I ran as fast as I could, my heart thumping. Each step I took, my heartfelt heavier. As my hand grasped onto mythe thumping heart, I saw that my left hand was now all covered in blood. People seemed like they were flying in the air;he sound had stopped but the bodies were falling.…

The Philippines is a country located in western Pacific Ocean and with nearly one hundred million population. My country was invaded and conquered by different countries, including Spain, the United States and Japan. The impact of the invasion of these countries can still be seen nowadays. The Spanish reached my country in the 16th century and it became a colonial island of the Spain. Under the Spanish rule, the church held the strongest power in the country and the governor need to obey the…

For example, on January 12, 2010, Haiti was struck by an earthquake of a magnitude of 7.0 about 10 miles southwest of Port au Prince causing over two million people becoming homeless within a very short period of time. As a consequence, the millions of homeless victims became vulnerable to a host of dangerous circumstances…

Lesson 1: Earthquakes and Volcanoes Layers of the Earth Earth is made up of three layers: crust, mantle and core. The outer layer is the crust, the middle layer is the mantle and the inner layer is the core. Earth's crust and upper mantle are broken into large plates that move slowly. Figure 1 shows the layers of the Earth. Figure 1: Layers of the Earth Plate tectonics The Earth's surface is formed of large pieces of rock called plates that are also called tectonic plates. These plates…

Life in Pompeii, Uncovered Bang! In the year 79 AD, the huge volcano, Mount Vesuvius erupted covering everything around for miles in 20 feet of stones and ash. Pompeii was one of the devastated cities. A cloud of poisonous gas from the volcano killed thousands of people. No one has lived in the city for almost 2,000 years. Even though Pompeii seemed destroyed, it had actually been perfectly preserved. In this essay, I will explain the aftermath, daily objects, and the similarities of Pompeii…

he/she must figure a way to solve the issue by that date. In the article, “THE REALLY BIG ONE”, Kathryn Schulz, discusses an earthquake that is impending and that will bring extreme devastation to the Pacific Northwest and how nobody is equipped for it. However, no one knows for absolute certain when it will occur. Therefore, people have a lack of concern for the earthquake,…