Ear canal

1. The pinna or auricle directs sound waves into the auditory canal. The eardrum vibrates according to frequency. Vibration transmitted to malleus then incus and then stapes of the middle ear. When the stapes vibrate, the membrane of the oval window is pushed in and out. This created the fluid pressure in the perilymph. Pressure waves enter the Scala vestibule then Scala tympani and then round window. This is where the walls become deformed in Scala vestibule and Scala tympani. Pressure…

It is the ability to perceive music. Does each person has a delicate ear for music? That is yes and no. Unfortunately, the person who is not engaged in music, only hears a "song", while the music person hears every composition, structure, and rhythm. Now, what I like the most of this superpower. Plucking a bit of experience…

Trepanation is one of the oldest know surgical techniques. It was practiced in countries all over the world but seems to have originated from places in and around Europe. Trepanning is the process of drilling, grooving, boring and cutting or scraping a hole, usually no bigger than an inch or so, into a person’s head, therefore exposing the dura matter and allowing brain tissue to freely pulsate –increasing blood flow. Figure 1 shows the four methods, 1-scraping 2-grooving 3- boring and cutting…

Why is it that your ears “pop” inside an airplane or when you are driving? Inside your ear there is a pocket of air. this pocket is normally at the same pressure as the air. in a plane, the high altitude means the air is rhinner and although planes are pressured. also, when you swallow and when the pressure is equalised your often feel a pop. Why is it that yawing or chewing gum helps with the ear popping sensation? Yawing or chewing gum helps with the aer popping sensation because…

Hearing loss • Conductive Hearing Loss It is caused by any condition or disease which stop the sound from getting through the middle ear cavity to the inner ear. Also, it can be caused by a damaged ear drum or impacted ear wax. Hearing aid is recommended. • Sensorineural Hearing loss It occurs when damage to the cochlear or the nerve pathways from the inner ear to the brain. Moreover, it can be caused by exposure to loud noise or ageing. Amplification hearing aid is recommended. There are…

Middle ear infections are caused by bacteria behind the eardrum causing it to become inflamed causing pain in the ear. It’s more common in children than adults for the reason of the Eustachian tube, which is tube that connects from the middle ear to the pharynx, to be shorter in children than adults making the bacteria easier to get to the middle ear. Other causes of getting a middle ear infection is exposure to secondhand smoking, bottle feeding, daycare centers or if your child has a cold or…

Success Introduction Otitis media, commonly called an ear infection, is an inflammation of the middle ear. This can occur as acute otitis media (AOM) or otitis media with effusion (OME). These infections are “caused by bacteria and often begin after a child has a sore throat, cold, or other upper respiratory infection…Because of the infection, fluid builds up behind the eardrum” (Ear Infections in Children, 2014). “Fluid may build up in the middle ear for several reasons.… Sometimes the fluid…

Acoustic reflexes are contractions of the stapedius muscle in the middle ear. This reflex occurs when a loud sound is presented to the ear causing the tympanic membrane to stiffen and cause a change in immittance (Martin & Clark, 2012). When measuring the acoustic reflex threshold, we are measuring the softest sound that can cause a reflex of the stapedius muscle as well as the duration of time needed for the reflex to decay. The reflex is presented as a deflection, or a curve/dip, on the…

As sound waves enter the ear, they travel through the outer ear, the external auditory canal, and strike the eardrum (tympanic membrane) causing it to vibrate. The central part of the eardrum is connected to a small bone of the middle ear called the malleus (hammer). As the malleus vibrates, it transmits the sound vibrations to the other two small bones (incus, stapes) or ossicles of the middle ear, the incus and stapes. As the stapes moves, it pushes a structure…

Panama which was well fit to place a canal. Republic of Panama is a country located in Central America between North and South America. Bordering both the Caribbean Sea and the Pacific Ocean. Panama has dense forests, tropical jungles, vast mountains, and harsh weather which made it difficult to build the canal. The Canal is 51 miles long and is located between Panama City on the Pacific coast to Colon on the coast of the Caribbean Sea. Construction of this canal was not only a major engineering…