Dopamine receptor

Chlorpromazine (CPZ) is an antipsychotic drug. Antipsychotics are drugs that are utilized to regard side effects of psychosis, for example, daydreams (for instance, hearing voices), visualizations, neurosis, or befuddled considerations. They are utilized as a part of the treatment of schizophrenia, extreme gloom and serious tension. Antipsychotics are additionally helpful at settling scenes of madness in individuals with Bipolar Disorder. Chlorpromazine is utilized for Schizophrenia and…

Schizophrenia is a chronic disabling condition afflicting 1 percent of the population (1) and characterized by symptoms that can be broadly divided into three categories: positive, negative and cognitive. Positive symptoms of schizophrenia include perceptual disturbances in the form of auditory and visual hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech and disorganized behavior. Negative symptoms may include lack of motivation, social withdrawal, poverty of speech and lack of pleasure. Seven…

Many people have a general knowledge of what is and what is not addictive. Things that are addictive can be very harmful to one’s body and cause physical and mental problems. For example, drugs, nicotine, and alcohol are some of the top substances that many people get addicted to. One of the most surprising facts to most people is that sugar is also very common to become addicted to. Many different people may be hooked to sugar, and not even know that they are. Sugar can be one of the utmost…

there are other theories investigating the link between dopamine activity in adolescents and risk-taking. Dopamine is an important neurotransmitter, released by the ventral tegmental area, affecting brain regions such as the nucleus accumbens, amygdala, medial prefrontal cortex and orbitofrontal cortex, all involved in reward processing (Siddiqui et al., 2008). Research suggests that there is increased activity of neural pathways that use dopamine during adolescence. Some studies propose that…

Desoxyn (Methamphitamine ) Classification: CNS Stimulant/Anorexiant/ Sympathomimetic MW: 149.237 g/mol pKa: 9.87 (at 25 °C) Chemical Formula: C10H15N IUPAC Name: (2S)-N-methyl-1-phenylpropan-2-amine Description Methamphetamine comes under category of amphetamine type stimulants. Methamphetamine is an Amphetamine Anorectic and Central Nervous System Stimulant. Other than clinical usage as an oral form or Intravenous form, methamphetamine has been highly abused as street drugs by…

Acetylcholine was the first neurotransmitter discovered. It is the neurotransmitter associated with learning, thought, arousal, and activation of muscles. Acetylcholine enables movement by sending messages from motor neurons to muscles. This neurotransmitter is also linked with memory. Those with low acetylcholine can have Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimer’s disease is associated with problems in memory, language, and thinking. For example, those with Alzheimer’s will slowly forget people’s names…

the mind-body medicine are shown in psychoneuroimmunology, which provides a biochemical basis for the interconnection of the body and mind. Moreover, the interconnection of the mind and body is based on mechanisms, such as the cross talk between receptors and signaling pathways, cell-cell interactions, regulation of gene transcription, signaling pathways activated by cytokines, growth factors, and hormones, and intracellular signaling mechanisms. Researchers have also found out that the…

pharmacological approaches Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive, central nervous system (CNS) disorder, belonging to a group of conditions called motor system disorders. It is primarily characterized by the depletion of dopamine-producing brain cells and degeneration of dopamine, with an abnormal accumulation and aggregation of alpha-synuclein protein (Galpern 2006). PD belongs to the Parkinsonism,…

that are involved are dopamine, serotonin, GABA and glutamate. Alcoholism, over a long term period, can shrink the brain and lower the metabolism. Hallucinogens can alter change the levels of serotonin released into the brain. Opiates can damage the opiate receptors. No matter the type of drug, the addict will have an alteration of their brain structure. The process of addiction is the rewiring of the brain, it involves the limbic system being overrun by the surge of dopamine levels. In order…

Fear has been and still is an important negative emotion. This is because if we do not fear impending danger, there is a chance that we will not survive. Even though we can be fearful of harmless stimuli at times, the times when something is harmful must be acted upon in order to ensure survival. Evolutionarily, it is better to have a false fear response than a missed response that could result in death: a higher cost to an organism than any false alarm (Stirling, Greskovich, & Johnson, 2014).…