DNA

person in this planet has their own DNA, not even identical twins! Your DNA is just yours and no one can change that. That is like your own social security number that only you have a unique thing, same as your DNA, no one has your DNA but you. DNA has saved a lot of people from being stuck in jail for something they didn’t do, or even has saved lives. DNA wasn’t discovered many years ago, actually the first crime scene that was solved by DNA was in 1989. DNA fingerprinting can uncover a crime…

that DNA Is Hereditary Material?” DNA is hereditary in practically all life-forms, but how do we know this? Hereditary material is inherited or passed down genes from a parent to their offspring. Researchers have partaken in several experiments to provide evidence that show this to be true. These experiments give the background on how scientists came to the conclusion and world known fact that DNA is in fact hereditary. For example, the first known experiment leading up to the idea that DNA is…

1.1 The structure of DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is often referred to as “the molecule of life”. It encodes the instructions that are used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms. The molecule itself was first discovered in 1860 by Friedrich Miescher (reviewed in Dahm 2005). Further work was performed by other chemists, including Phoebus Levene who identified the components of the molecule, including the presence of ribose sugars and phosphate groups, as well as four…

DNA sequencing (Sanger to NGS) Introduction: The DNA sequencing methods have quickly evaluated for the forty last years and their finding was joined by breakthroughs in the field of Molecular biology (1). The first efficient method to sequencing DNA was found by F.Sanger in 1977 (2). But the huge desire to sequencing genomes required faster methods and many improvements were made. Fluorescence, capillary electrophoresis and microarrays led to a new way for sequencing genes : the Next Generation…

The Structure of DNA Somewhere in someone’s brain a curiosity is born that starts a wanting to find an answer. Not everybody gets these feelings to act upon their feelings of wanting to find out an answer, but for some people it does. An Austrian monk, Greg Mendel was a for-father of finding “basic patterns of inheritance.” He started doing his scientific experiments around 1854 in his gardens researching “the transmission of hereditary traits in plant hybrids” (Bio, a Biography of Gregor…

sections of DNA in cells in order to produce specific, intended changes in living organisms.6 In the early1970s researchers had found ways of splitting apart a DNA molecule and recombining it with DNA from an entirely different molecule.2 Molecular biologists could create genetic combinations that had never been seen in nature.6 This was called recombinant DNA.2 This caused quite a bit of controversy when it was first introduced to the public.2 However, the discovery of recombinant DNA…

DNA profiling is a fast paced technology that allows DNA to be sampled and connected to the identity of one person. One of the main uses for DNA profiling includes finding DNA at crime scenes and having the ability to work out the events that may have occurred (Better Health, 2015). This process includes the collection and sampling of DNA found at the scene of the crime to those who are suspected to have committed a crime. In Australia in 2011, 60% of those held in custody have previously been…

DNA paternity testing works by drawing a comparison between a child's DNA profile and the equivalent profile of a presumed father. As any child's DNA will be made up of half from each biological parent, by comparing the two sets of DNA, scientists are then able to see what similarities may have been inherited. Whenever a parent and child are proven biologically related, then their DNA profiles will show perceptible patterns that mark them out as part of the same family. Depending upon…

called DNA editing, which helps prevent children from being born with certain illnesses that their parents carry in their genes. This could help many children, but many people fear that those who are more fortunate to have money, will stop using DNA editing for medical reasons, and start using it to have design their own baby. DNA editing has become one of the most talked about research in the scientific community. There are so many illnesses that infect millions of people every day. With DNA…

DNA AND MUTATIONS DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) carries the genetic instructions. In 1953 the structure of DNA was discovered for the first time by J. Watson and F. Crick. They opposed that DNA is made up of two long strands or twisted chains. The structure of the DNA is similar to a ladder, with the sugar, and phosphate molecules forming the sides, and the base pairs forming the rungs. The shape of the DNA is double helix. There are 3 billion Human DNA, and more than 99% of those bases are…