DNA replication

coupling a heat-resistant DNA polymerase and without cloning, amplification of a fragment of DNA known. Initially, DNA polymerase was isolated from a bacterium thermophilne (resistant to significant increases in temperature), as Thermus aquaticus (Taq polymerase). Currently, we use recombinant enzymes, whose; elaboration is easier and greater efficiency. The general principle of PCR is the in vitro amplification of a specific area of a nucleic acid. By a series of replication reactions repeated…

the oxygen on the 3’ carbon of neighboring nucleotide. The Oxygen and Nitrogen atoms of nucleotide create a polarity on the backbone of nucleotide sequences. An important distinction between DNA and RNA is the nucleotide composition. DNA and RNA both contain purines, Adenine (A) and Guanine (G). However, DNA contains pyrimidines, Cytosine (C) and Thymine (T), whereas RNA only contains pyrimidines Guanine (G) and Uracil (U). They play a central role in metabolism, protein synthesis cell…

in transferring human language called DNA from generation to generation. DNA stands for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acids, it contains genetic information for our cells. It contains all the essential elements of the universe, in such precise quantity, that it sustains life. Our DNA, is able to instruct the cell in terms of which protein they have to make.Following the instructions, the protein created determines the cell function, so basically DNA controls all cellular functions. This is…

scientists’ stances on creating a perfect product is the research being done on recombinant DNA. Recombinant DNA is any single molecule containing DNA sequences from two or more organisms. The process of creating recombinant DNA relies on the use of restriction enzymes, gel electrophoresis, and DNA ligase. The first step in creating this new DNA strand is to cut the gene sequences you want from the original DNA molecule. This sequence will be cut by the restriction enzyme in such a way that it…

1.1 The structure of DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is often referred to as “the molecule of life”. It encodes the instructions that are used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms. The molecule itself was first discovered in 1860 by Friedrich Miescher (reviewed in Dahm 2005). Further work was performed by other chemists, including Phoebus Levene who identified the components of the molecule, including the presence of ribose sugars and phosphate groups, as well as four…

causing additional racism in our country. Only the wealthy will be able to have designer babies, and will they think they are to good for the rest of the world. “The process of DNA replication starts off with the double helix “unzipping” with both helices running in opposite directions. A “Y” shaped region is formed. The whole DNA doesn’t split though, only a small…

Your DNA is relatively free from mutation DNA is constantly replicating itself in your cells to grow, which can lead to some errors in replication and recombination, and is also subject to bombardment from environmental factors everyday (such as UV rays or cigarette smoke, which can damage DNA and lead to cancer.) This leads to more than one quintillion DNA changes in one day, and you’re probably asking how you don’t have superpowers already. DNA mutations can be dangerous, and often cause…

DNA is a macromolecule that is used for instructions when creating proteins and other activities. It is because of this that DNA (and other nucleic acids) are essential for life to exist. DNA contains genetic code that primarily directs organelles in a cell to operate in a certain way. DNA also carries information regarding the traits of an organism. These traits are often passed from a parent cell to its offspring. This branch of biology is know as genetics. DNA also possesses a unique…

It is generally accepted that a virophage is a viral agent that infects other larger viruses. It is a dsDNA virus which utilizes the replication factories of other viruses to reproduce itself. Virophages are essentially parasitic in nature, much in the same way as traditional satellite viruses. It is not without controversy that distinctions between satellite viruses and virophages are described. The difference between the two often seem more semantic than factual and more supported by…

Transformation is the process by which competent bacteria take up genetic material (in the form of naked DNA) from the environment. In this lab, the process of transformation was conducted by using a plasmid containing various genes called pGLO along with the bacterium Escherichia coli. In order for transformation to occur in Escherichia coli, repeated washes in the presence of CaCl₂ followed by heat shock treatment (42°C for 50 seconds) occurred to induce the competence of the bacterium.…