DNA repair

• Genetic: Long Life Family Study (LLFS) sponsored by National Institute on Aging and other groups investigated genetic issue to figure out which genetic, environmental, and behavioral factors control the longevity. While genetic variations contribute to longevity (about 30%), heredity is a particular importance. Because it happens in certain families, it does mean genetic. Biologists and geneticists have been pursuing the secret to longevity at a cellular level and at molecular level, first in…

When an endonuclease sequence on a gene drive is placed into a chromosome, it causes the non-altered homologous chromosome next to it to be cut if it lacks the endonuclease sequence. After this happens, the cell then tries to repair the chromosome and uses the other homologous chromosome, the one with the gene drive, to use as a template copy. The formerly cut chromosome then has the gene drive segment. This copying causes more than half of the organism’s offspring to contain…

Purpose and Background Cells divide in two ways, mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis is used to produce cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell for growth, asexual reproduction, or repair after injury. Cells that are produced by mitosis are diploid, meaning that they have two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent. Meiosis is used to produce haploid cells that have only one set of chromosomes, a mix of chromosomes from both parents. Meiosis produces cells that are…

The new law … those driving with no proper tax and insurance. My little girl … some strange expressions. Goodness knows where she hears them. Although he's an entertaining speaker, it takes him ages to … After deliberating for several hours we finally … a possible solution to the problem. Soon after their arrival at the holiday resort they all … gastric flu. When he … after the operation, he had absolutely no idea where he was. I'm afraid we have … a lot of criticism over our decision to…

Cloning: Benefits, Harms, and Misconceptions For decades scientists have pondered over the idea of somatic cell nuclear transfer, otherwise known as cloning. In 1996, their ideas became tangible with the creation of Dolly the sheep, the first organism to ever be conceived through nuclear cell transfer. Today, scientists are closer than ever to clone human cells successfully. Although there is excitement over this potential scientific breakthrough, there are fearful and apprehensive reactions as…

The purpose of this EEI is to create and analyse an experiment that relates to and supports the theory of osmosis in biological cells. Cells are the biological building block for all life; all living organisms have cells also. Cells provide structure, absorb nutrients from food and convert those nutrients into energy so that the cell can carry out specialized functions. There are two main categories with most organisms and their cells; prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The distinctive difference…

Piore). The extracellular matrix is known to provide support and regulate intercellular communication. It can also separate tissue from one another to regulate a cell’s behavior. With the addition of ECM into the muscular area, it can help the tissue repair itself and renew its elasticity in movement. According to the article, “Hernandez’s muscle strength increased by 30% from what it was before the surgery, and then by 40%. It hit 80% after six months. Today it is at 103%--- as strong as his…

primary cause of oncogene formation. This bone marrow stem cell disorder is associated with a chromosomal translocation, which leads to the formation of an oncogenic protein. This translocation and oncogenic protein is then responsible for inhibiting DNA repair and the enhancing the susceptibility of further genetic abnormalities. CML has three phases as the chromosomal abnormality accelerates the unregulated growth of myeloid cells in the blood and bone marrow. This abnormal and excess build…

It was one of the hottest days of summer and me and my friend Courtney were outside talking and drinking lemonade. Courtney looked at and said “ Let's call Brendan and Cheyenne over and see what they're up to”. I agreed and said “Yes call them over”. We waited about 10 minutes and we seen Brendan and Cheyenne walk over we greeted them. Brendan was wearing a black t shirt with tan shorts and had his Jansport backpack. Cheyenne was wearing pink shirt and black jeans. Brendan grab his backpack and…

called relaxase identifies a specific sequence on the DNA and makes a “nick” or cut at that location. The nick is created by the protein and allows the DNA to unwind and continue the process. Once the DNA opens forming an open complex from there a lagging strand will develop along the 3’ template strand due to the polarity and orientation of the strands. A leading strand will emerge and DNA polymerase enlists nucleotides to pair with the exposed DNA template while RNA primer provides a 5’ end…