Diode

through the medium. A single-mode optical fiber can only carry one beam of light as shown below in figure 3.1. Obviously, by the name, multi-mode can carry multiple wavelengths of light at the same time. Single-mode requires the use of a laser diode. The laser diode emits the light into the core of the fiber. The beam then takes a straight path down the core to the receiver. Attenuation for single mode is small, however, if the distance is great enough, repeaters or amplifiers are used to…

More conjugated compounds absorb higher wavelengths/lower energies because as the wavelength increases the HOMO/LUMO gap (ΔE) decreases which is due to the compression of multiple molecular orbitals (ψ). According to Klein, the Ketchup stain (lycopene) on a shirt and upon application of bleach (NaClO), it breaks lycopene’s conjugation, therefore causing a decrease in conjugation; which directly correlates to the stain no longer being visible to the eye but when illuminating the shirt with…

An No isolation DC/DC converter Fig.1.1 shows the step-down DC/DC converter. When switch M is on for the duration of dTs, power is transferred from source to load and filter inductor L is charged. When switch M is off for a duration (1-d)Ts, the diode D becomes forward-biased and forms a conduction path for the filter inductor current. The voltage across the filter inductor is the reverse of the output voltage. By using filter inductor volt-second balance rule, (VDC-Vo)dTs = Vo(1-d)Ts…

LED lights and fiber optic trees are two energy-efficient technologies that can reduce your energy costs, particularly when the lights are used for long periods of time, such as in commercial applications. LED Lights Light Emitting Diode (LED) holiday lights are a new application for a mature technology. Each year since 2002, manufacturers have improved the choices, producing bigger and brighter bulbs and new color options. LED lights have a number of benefits over conventional…

TITLE OF THE STUDY: MINIMIZING CALCIUM LOSS ASSOCIATED WITH DENTAL BLEACHING Introduction The appearance of teeth plays a significant role in human personality development and is often related with a perception of health and fitness. White and bright teeth are thought to be linked with health and beauty, so everybody wishes to have them. Presently, cosmetic dentistry is a dynamic part of restorative dental practice and cosmetic procedures are increasing in demand without age and gender…

also be dangerous, if used in irresponsible ways. A tool most people don’t think of as being dangerous is a laser pointer. Laser pointer’s lights are not found in nature, they are artificial. The light is made by a battery which powers a small diode. The diode is a small machine in laser pointers with When it is dark outside, your eyes become wider, as to let in more light. Your eyes act like a lense, letting in how much light they want to let in. But, if a bright light is strobed or flashed…

These have four wires on them (see Figure One-a). They are tricky to control because they require changing the direction of the current flow through the coils in the proper sequence. We will discuss these motors further when we get to the topic of DC motor control. * Unipolar motors, with two center-tapped coils which can be treated as four coils (see Figure One-b). These have six or eight (or sometimes five) wires, and can be controlled from a microprocessor with little more than four…

The U.S. government is facing huge debts, which has resulted in budget cuts in various organizations all over the country. One such organization that has been greatly affected by this budget cut is the National Aeronautical and Space Administration (NASA). For my research paper, I aim to explore the reasons as to why the U.S. government should raise NASA’s budget. It is important to understand that NASA’s budget cuts could have a severe impact the U.S. economy. A superpower like America could…

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION In recent days, the increase in continuous power demand and very slow generation of power is making researchers to work more on efficient power generation. On the other side, the regular price hike in fuel, increase in global warming and adversely effecting environment pollution. Global warming is a good lesson for all of us, these challenges for engineers are encouraging them to work more on clean, renewable and eco-friendly sources. By using renewable energy…

described to be carried out on dark hairs on gentle epidermis; newer technologies have made the process safer for people with darker skin and people of color.Various types of lasers are utilized with laser hair removal – the most common of which are diode,alexandrite,Neodymium…