Dilution

In experiment 1 there were five cuvettes of decreasing concentrations from the initial 0.01 mg/ml concentration of Fast Green solution (cuvette 1). The diluted concentration of cuvettes #2 through #5 were calculated using the dilution formula, C1V1 = C2V2 ; the calculations for the dilute concentrations are in Results section. The concentration for each tube were as follows: 0.015 mg/ml for tube 1, 0.0075 mg/ml for tube 2, 0.00375 mg/ml for tube 3, 0.001875 mg/ml for tube 4, and 0.000935 mg/ml…

plant extract (Drug) were poured in to the each well. The plates were incubated at 37ºC for 24hrs. 3.5.3: Determination of MIC The minimum inhibitory concentration of plant metabolites against bacterial pathogens were calculated by broth micro dilution method in different test tubes. A series of test tubes (5 in number) were filled with 5 ml of nutrient broth, autoclaved and supplemented with varying concentration of plant extracts. 0.05 ml of bacterial pathogens was inoculated and the test…

Experimental Design: We will determine the effect of HIV-1 Tat on the antibody type and production in response to influenza vaccine. We chose influenza vaccine and pneumococcal vaccine to differentiate the effects between T cell dependent and T cell independent humoral responses. These are also suggested to individuals who are immunocompromised, especially people infected with HIV-1. For this purpose, C5BL6/J mice will be treated with HIV-1 Tat for one dose a week until 3 weeks. On week 4, all…

chemicals. The iguanas were housed individually in clear polycarbonate cages lined with sand and were exposed to four disparate chemical stimuli: Clean control, spraying distilled water on the sand in the test cage; Pungent control, spraying 1:5 dilution of Old Spice cologne; snake control, a live…

The Effects of Caffeine on the Human Body By Gilary Lozano Lopez Worldwide, 70 to 76 mg of caffeine is consumed per person daily from food items such as coffee, soda, tea, and chocolate (Millerand Gilbert 1981). Caffeine generates a feeling of energy in the consumer after ingestion, accelerates the heartbeat and causes alterations in perception, mood, and consciousness. These alterations are caused by the blockage of adenosine, a chemical found in all cells in the body that promotes…

11), are crucial in forming irreversible aggregates. They do not segregate upon changing the environment such as pH or dilution. This type of cluster is different from the stoichiometric interconnected group of folded proteins[28] and protein crystallization [27,13] In general, monomeric form of protein is the starting reactant of protein aggregation process. In the occurrence…

Freeman Tilden once said, “Through interpretation, understanding; through understanding, appreciation; through appreciation, protection.” He includes this quote in his book, Interpreting Our Heritage, which turned the world on its head as he introduced six principles of interpretation for organizations and institution whose job it is to educate the general public. Writing in 1957, he understood early on that this field would be evolving and ever-changing. Even now in 2017, these principles stand…

particular test. To start the operation, 5 mL of distilled water was poured into each of the five test tubes. Next, test tube one required 1.0% amylase, tube two at 0.5%, three with 0.25%, four needed 0.125%, and five called for a waning 0.063% amylase dilution. Five more test tubes were necessary to transfer 2 mL of the previous amylase solution into the untouched ones. After setting aside test tube one, 40 drops of pH 7.0 buffer solution is essential to each of the second set of tubes followed…

Introduction Cocaine is said to be an effective drug due to its ability to induce a sense of craving and its effectiveness highly correlates to its potential to lead to drug abuse in humans. Despite devastating consequences from drug abuse and addiction, the goal to attain the drug is often placed above others, which is especially shown in animal model experiments. According to the 2014 National Survey of Drug Use and Health an estimate of 1.5 million people aged 12 and older were current users…

Serratia marcescens is one of many species that have been shown to cause infection even though it was once considered as non-pathogenic. Therefore, it is crucial that we find an effective method of controlling these bacteria. Previous studies have already shown that aminoglycosides such as Streptomycin are effective against S. marcescens, but it is also necessary to administer the antibiotic at certain concentrations for minimizing bacterial growth. In this experiment, we attempted to find a…