Digestion

Posterior vena cava: The Posterior vena cava is found in the lower body below the heart and extending to the heart. It is much smaller than the anterior vena cava. This vein brings nonoxygenated blood from the lower part of the body to the right atrium. The posterior vena cava is part of the circulatory system. Heart: The heart is a thick muscle located near the center of the chest between the lungs. It looks like a quenched fist, pinkish in color and is surrounded by the pericardium. Its…

second. Introduction of Endocrine System The endocrine system is the vast network of glands in the body that is responsible for controlling long term regulation of the body; example of these would be the blood sugar levels, body temperature, and digestion. The endocrine system is made up of glands which release hormones into the blood stream to send messages to different parts of the body ranging from organs to body tissues. These hormones can be in the body for a long time, ranging from couple…

The process of carbohydrate absorption after consuming food happens in a variety of pathways within the body. The first step to absorption is the process of digestion. This process begins in the mouth. Here, the enzyme a-amylase breaks down the food through the saliva. The process then moves to the small intestine where the digestion products are then absorbed through the intestinal wall into the blood stream and then moved across to other body cells. This then forms glucose and the disaccharide…

The “faster and cheaper” way of producing food for the large consuming global markets and human population: Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO’s), artificial foods that have been changed so that it can include the desirable traits of other foods. Although the idea behind GMO’s is morally good, it is actually doing more harm than good. GMO’s are exhausting the planet’s resources much more quickly than the planet can make up for. Animals feed on these resources but GMOs are creating an ecological…

The Chemistry of Nutrition is used on daily bases. You may find nutrition labels on the side of cereal boxes, food packages, and some restaurant menus. I picked this topic because most people around me use the nutrition facts on food. I will talk about the basics and move onto what some of the foods can do for you... good or bad, how it is digested, and many other things. Since I will be talking about these things, I will be giving examples of each subtopic. The food pyramid is made up of 5…

Celiac disease is a lifelong autoimmune inflammatory disease in the small intestine, due to an abnormal immune response to Gluten products when ingested. Those affected by CD have an abnormal reaction during digestion of gluten products, leading to gastrointestinal complications and is also linked to the development of several other health problems. Roughly 60,000 Americans are diagnosed each year with this disorder, while scientist believe that 1 in 140 people have this disease and are unaware…

kit to create a solution with purified plasmid DNA. Restriction enzyme digestion reactions used 8 μl of purified plasmid DNA, the EcoRV enzyme, and a cocktail [2]. Then agarose gel electrophoresis, using 1% agarose gel, was done on the digested plasmids [3]. Agarose gel electrophoresis displays the distances that the products had traveled, thus revealing the size of the products. This technique determined if the plasmid digestion worked properly, and the expected plasmids were obtained. Two…

Vitamins and minerals are both essential nutrients that are needed by the body. Different from the macronutrients, they are said to be micronutrients by meaning that they are needed only in small amounts. Nevertheless, we should not forget about their essentiality and their importance in our daily diet1. There are two types of vitamins, fat-soluble and water-soluble. Fat-soluble vitamins include vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E and vitamin K. They are found in fatty foods and animal products like…

Discuss the role of thermoregulation in tetrapods as an adaptation for life on land. [6] Enzymes serve as catalysts for chemical reactions in the body, and they function more efficiently within select temperature ranges. As such, it is advantageous for vertebrates to maintain a body temperature that is consistently within this ideal range. Thermoregulation is the maintenance of this ideal body temperature range. Aquatic habitats are naturally thermoregulatory due to the ability of water to…

acids and sugars are carefully regulated (University, 2015).” When thinking of an analogy for plasma membrane, what comes to mind it the stomach and digestion of food and how it reacts to food, filter foods, and separates food and nutrients. For instance, the digestive tract begins in the mouth. Chewing food starts the beginning stages of digestion. From here it goes into the small intestine. As the food passes through the GI tract it mixes with digestive juices causing large molecules to…